Distribution. Afrotropical; Palaearctic; Oriental; Australian; Nearctic; Neotropical.

Discussion. This is the largest tribe of antlions with species in all parts of the temperate to tropical world except for the Neantarctic Region (Chile and southern Argentina). This tribe is characterized by having the forewing vein 1A bending at sharp angle toward 3A (except some Xantholeon), only 1 or 2 presectoral crossveins in the hindwing, and lacking the male pilula axillaris. In Australia there are three genera containing cave dwelling antlions. These are Eophanes Banks, Stenoleon Tillyard, and Xantholeon Tillyard. Probably all the species of these genera are adapted to living in caves or rock overhangs. Elsewhere, cave dwelling nemoleontine genera are known only from the Western Hemisphere represented by Eremoleon Banks which is a speciose genus with nearly all of the reared species living in caves.