FIGURE 1. Maximum Likelihood phylogeny (-lnL: 26590.631) inferred in RAxML under the GTR + Gamma model of nucleotide substitution. Bootstrap proportions resulting from 1000 bootstrap replicates are displayed at tree nodes, with values under 50 omitted. Branch lengths are measured as substitutions per site. A) denotes Diogenidae Clade 1, with subdivisions 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d. An asterisk (*) denotes the Paguristes tortugae complex. B) denotes Paguridae Clade 1. C) denotes Lithodidae. D) denotes Paguridae Clade 2. E) denotes Diogenidae Clade 2. F) denotes Coenobitidae. G) denotes Diogenidae Clade 3. H) denotes the family Parapaguridae. For branch labels, taxon name is followed by voucher catalog number and abbreviated collection locality (Table 1). Abbreviations: nwAtlantic = northwestern Atlantic; neCarib = northeastern Caribbean; nwCarib = northwestern Caribbean; seCarib = southeastern Caribbean; swCarib = southwestern Caribbean; neGMx = northeastern Gulf of Mexico; nwGMx = northwestern Gulf of Mexico; seGMx = southeastern Gulf of Mexico; swGMx = southwestern Gulf of Mexico; nePac = northeastern Pacific; wPac = western Pacific; nwPac = northwestern Pacific; sePac = southeastern Pacific; swPac = southwestern Pacific.