The caucasica species group in the subgenus Lunatipula is redefined and now consists of five species native to the Caucasus. Tipula (L.) eleniya sp. nov. is described as new to science, and variations in the male terminalia in two populations are noted. Two subspecies (quadridentata quadridentata and quadridentata paupera) are elevated to species rank. Detailed photo's complement the descriptions of all five species (caucasica, eleniya, paupera, quadridentata, talyshensis), and data on ecology and distribution patterns are included as well as identification keys to males and females. Tipula caucasica is recorded from the West Caucasus and Tipula quadridentata is recorded from Dagestan (Russia) for the first time. Parallel evolution is traced in the male terminalia of the new species and in several non caucasica species group of Palaearctic Lunatipula.