Ctenognathus adamsi (Broun, 1886)

Fig. 61, 104, 124

Anchomenus adamsi Broun, 1886: 937. Lectotype (here designated): male (BMNH) labeled “Type (circular red-bordered label; typed) / 686. (hand-written) / Ctenognathus adamsi. (hand-written). / [TK] Stratford (typed) / New Zeal. Broun. Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482. (white label with red horizontal line; typed). / LECTOTYPE [male symbol] Anchomenus adamsi Broun, 1886 designated by Larochelle & Larivière, 2021 (red label; typed).”

Ctenognathus adamsi: Broun 1893: 986.

Ctenognathus littorellus Broun, 1908: 349. Lectotype (here designated): male (BMNH) labeled “Type (circular red-bordered label; typed) / 2670. (hand-written) / New Zealand. Broun. Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482. (white label with red horizontal line; typed) / [SL] Invercargill. Sea beach. (hand-written) / Ctenognathus littorellus. [male symbol] (handwritten) / LECTOTYPE [male symbol] Ctenognathus littorellus Broun, 1908 designated by Larochelle & Larivière, 2021 (red label; typed).” New synonym

Description. Body length 12.7–12.9 mm. Head and pronotum black; elytra and abdomen piceous black; antennae, palpi, and legs reddish. Microsculpture isodiametric on head, very transverse (with microlines) on pronotum, and isodiametric on elytra. Iridescence present on pronotum. Very shiny. Forebody narrow in comparison to elytra. Head. Narrow. Mandibles moderately long and curved anteriorly. Labrum strongly transverse, moderately emarginate anteriorly. Eyes moderately convex; two setiferous punctures on inner side of each eye. Tempora not inflated. Neck constriction shallow dorsolaterally. Mentum: medial tooth moderately emarginate apically; two setae. Submentum with four setae. Palpi with terminal segment truncate apically. Thorax. Pronotum moderately convex, impunctate, obsoletely wrinkled subapically and across base, narrow, subquadrate, strongly cordate, widest before middle; apex moderately emarginate; anterolateral angles well developed, angulate; anterior bead complete; sides strongly rounded, moderately sinuate posteriorly; lateral beads complete; lateral depressions narrow, slightly widened from apex to base; a single setiferous puncture on each side (anteriorly); posterolateral angles rectangular, moderately long, obtuse at apex; laterobasal foveae moderately deep, rather narrow, prolonged forward; posterior bead complete; base subtruncate. Legs. Very long. Metafemora with two posteroventral setae. Meso- and metatarsomeres 1–4 well developed, tricarinate dorsally, deeply bisulcate laterally. Metatarsomeres 4 moderately bilobed and asymmetrical apically. Metatarsomeres 5 glabrous ventrally. Elytra. Slightly convex, not sloping down toward apex, subovate, widest about middle. Shoulders moderately rounded. Sides strongly rounded. Scutellar setiferous pore visible. Scutellar striole short, impunctate. Striae deep, impunctate. Intervals moderately convex; interval 3 without setiferous punctures. Umbilicate series with 18–19 setiferous punctures. Subapical sinuations feeble. Apex obtuse. Abdomen. Sterna IV–VI: both sexes with two long apical ambulatory setae. Sternum VII (last visible sternum): male with two long apical ambulatory setae; female with eight long apical ambulatory setae. Aedeagus. Lateral view (Fig. 104): moderately arcuate, wider medially; base moderately convex dorsally, with basal lobe narrow; middle strongly convex dorsally, moderately concave ventrally, with dorsal membranous area moderately wide and moderately long; apex moderately convex dorsally, straight ventrally, with extreme tip narrow and moderately long. Dorsal view: moderately wide, asymmetrical (ostium of membranous area deflected to the left); basal bulb moderately distant from membranous area.

Material examined. 1309 specimens (AMNZ, BMNH, CMNZ, JNNZ, LUNZ, MONZ, NZAC).

Geographic distribution (Fig. 124). North Island: AK, BP, CL, HB, RI, TK, TO, WI, WN, WO.

Ecology. Lowland, montane, subalpine. Epigean, arboreal. Wet forests (broadleaf, podocarp, beech), tree plantations (pine), and shrublands. Associated with streams and mud flats. Shaded; wet soil. Nocturnal; hides during the day under logs, fallen branches and trees, or under stones. Gregarious.

Biology. Seasonality: September–June. Tenerals: December. Predacious (based on mouthpart morphology).

Dispersal power. Subapterous (incapable of flight). Swift runner. Regular climber (on trees).

Collecting techniques. Pitfall trapping; turning logs, fallen branches and trees, as well as stones.

References. Larochelle and Larivière 2001: 133–134 (as Ctenognathus adamsi, C. littorellus; catalogue; biology, dispersal power, ecology, geographic distribution, references), 2007: 111 (as C. adamsi, C. littorellus; list), 2016: 36–37 (as C. adamsi, C. littorellus; list).

Remarks. Broun described Anchomenus adamsi from two specimens, one of which (a male) could be located (BMNH) and is here designated as lectotype. Broun also described Ctenognathus littorellus from two specimens, one of which (a male) could be located (BMNH) and is here designated as lectotype. These two type designations are made to preserve stability of nomenclature in the future. Examination of the type of Ctenognathus littorellus revealed it to be conspecific with Ctenognathus adamsi which has a North Island distribution. Consequently, the South Island type locality of Ctenognathus littorellus, Invercargill (SL) appears to be a case of mislabeling.