Dryad
Published June 7, 2019 | Version v1
Dataset Open

Data from: Palaeoproteomics resolves sloth phylogeny

Authors/Creators

  • 1. University of York
  • 2. University of Chicago
  • 3. National Scientific and Technical Research Council
  • 4. University of Oxford
  • 5. Rockefeller University
  • 6. University of Copenhagen
  • 7. Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Copenhagen, Denmark*
  • 8. Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Museum
  • 9. Museo Municipal de Ciencias Naturales 'Lorenzo Scaglia', Mar del Plata, Argentina*
  • 10. National University of Río Negro
  • 11. University of California, Irvine
  • 12. New York State Museum
  • 13. Florida Museum of Natural History
  • 14. Museo de la Patagonia 'F. P. Moreno', Bariloche, Argentina*
  • 15. University of Magallanes
  • 16. Cayetano Heredia University
  • 17. National University of La Plata
  • 18. National Museum of Natural History
  • 19. Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research
  • 20. American Museum of Natural History

Description

The living tree sloths Choloepus and Bradypus are the only remaining members of Folivora, a major xenarthran radiation that occupied a wide range of habitats in many parts of the western hemisphere during the Cenozoic, including both continents and the West Indies. Ancient DNA evidence has played only a minor role in folivoran systematics, as most sloths lived in places not conducive to genomic preservation. Here we utilize collagen sequence information, both separately and in combination with published mitochondrial DNA evidence, to assess the relationships of tree sloths and their extinct relatives. Results from phylogenetic analysis of these datasets differ substantially from morphology-based concepts: Choloepus groups with Mylodontidae, not Megalonychidae; Bradypus and Megalonyx pair together as megatherioids, while monophyletic Antillean sloths may be sister to all other folivorans. Divergence estimates are consistent with fossil evidence for mid-Cenozoic presence of sloths in the West Indies and an early Miocene radiation in South America.

Notes

protein_data_MrBayes
Nexus file containing collagen alignments for extinct and extant xenarthrans. Also includes MrBayes block with specifications for running Bayesian topology search
combined_data_MrBayes
alignment in nexus format containing collagen protein sequences and mitochondrial genomes as available for living and extinct xenarthrans. Also includes MrBayes block.
protein_mtDNA_morphology_sloths_MRB
nexus file containing protein and mtDNA data plus the morphological character dataset from Varela et al., 2019.
BEAST_protein_Xenarthra
xml file to run BEAST under fossilized birth death process with xenarthran proteomic data
BEAST_combined_data_bradypus_constraint
xml file to run beast with combined proteomic and mitochondrial genome data. Note that this file enforces a monophyly constraint on Bradypus, which can be removed by commenting out the associated lines of the xml
protein_only_xenarthra_beast
maximum clade crediibility chronogram from analysis of xenarthran proteomic data
combined_protein_mtDNA_xenarthra_bradypus_constraint_beast
maximum clade credibility chronogram from beast analysis of xenarthran proteomic and mitochondrial genome data.

Files

BEAST_combined_data_bradypus_constraint.xml

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Additional details

Related works

Is cited by
10.1038/s41559-019-0909-z (DOI)