The species formerly known as Leptodactylus ocellatus (Linnaeus, 1758) is currently called L. latrans. According to Lavilla et al. (2010), the name Rana ocellata Linnaeus, 1758 does not represent a leptodactylid, but the Jamaican hylid Osteopilus brunneus (Gosse, 1851), and the oldest available name for the taxon then known as Leptodactylus ocellatus is Rana latrans Steffen, 1815.

Nascimento et al. (2006) has shown that the correct name of the species to which the name Physalaemus fuscomaculatus (Steindachner, 1864) used to be formerly applied is P. marmoratus. Currently, Eupemphix fuscomaculatus Steindachner, 1864 is considered a junior synonym of Physalaemus biligonigerus Cope, 1861 (see Kolenc et al., 2011), a species that does not occur in Rio de Janeiro (Frost, 2017).

Langone et al. (2015) reviewed the distribution range of Pseudopaludicola falcipes (Hensel, 1867) and concluded that this species is restricted to northern Argentina, Uruguay, and the extreme south of Brazil, with all previous Brazilian records outside that range (including those from Rio de Janeiro state) representing misidentifications. Therefore, we remove P. falcipes from the list of amphibians of Rio de Janeiro, observing that the identity of the Pseudopaludicola species occurring in the state is presently unknown, which we acknowledge by listing it as Pseudopaludicola sp.