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Published May 10, 2021 | Version v1
Taxonomic treatment Open

Apalocnemis Philippi 1865

Authors/Creators

  • 1. Instituto de Entomología, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile. christian. gonzalez @ umce. cl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2582 - 6071
  • 2. Área de Entomología, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago, Chile.
  • 3. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brasil.

Description

Genus Apalocnemis Philippi, 1865

Apalocnemis Philippi, 1865: 752–753. Type-species: Apalocnemis obscura Philippi, 1865 (mon.).

Timalphes Melander, 1928: 97. Type species: Clinocera fumosa Hutton, 1901 (orig. des.).

References. Reed, 1888: 301 (cat.); Bigot, 1889: 117 (in key); Melander, 1908: 226 (in key); Kertész, 1909: 111 (cat.); Collin, 1928: 64 (com.); Melander, 1928: 100–101 (redes.); Collin, 1933: 73–74 (com.); Melander, 1946: 30 (redes.), 38–39 (com.); Smith, 1967: 28 (cat.); Sinclair, 1995: 720–721 (class.); Sinclair & Cumming, 2000: 185 (in key); Moulton & Wiegmann, 2007: 708, 712 (phy.); Sinclair, 2011: 31 (in key); Rafael & Sinclair, 2012: 59 (diag.); Smith, 2012: 383 (cat.); Evenhuis, 2014: 1 (fossil); Rafael & Chagas, 2014: 433 (in key), 438 (list); Sinclair, 2017a: 1255 (man., in key, com.); Walhberg & Johanson, 2018: 8 (class.); González & Llanos, 2019: 120 (faun.).

Remarks. Apalocnemis is a genus with 28 worldwide described species, occurring mainly in the Australasian and Neotropical Regions (Sinclair 2017a), the latter region now split into Andean and Neotropical regions by Morrone (1999, 2001). The New World distribution extends from southwestern New Mexico (USA) (B.J. Sinclair pers. comm. 2021) through Central America (Cumming & Sinclair 2009) to the extreme south of Argentina and Chile (Rafael & Sinclair 2012). An identification key to species of Apalocnemis in South America was provided by Collin (1933).

Notes

Published as part of González, Christian R., Elgueta, Mario & Rafael, José Albertino, 2021, A catalog of the Brachystomatidae of Chile (Diptera: Empidoidea), pp. 149-165 in Zootaxa 4969 (1) on page 154, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4969.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/4746026

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Linked records

Additional details

Identifiers

URL
http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A479569FFA4FF9F1CEBFD15FF336A68

Is part of
Journal article: 10.11646/zootaxa.4969.1.8 (DOI)
Journal article: http://zenodo.org/record/4746026 (URL)
Journal article: http://publication.plazi.org/id/B67EED11FFA1FF9A1C7CFFC4FFDA6F49 (URL)
Is source of
https://biodiversitypmc.sibils.org/collections/plazi/4A479569FFA4FF9F1CEBFD15FF336A68 (URL)
https://www.gbif.org/species/182398147 (URL)
https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/6448/taxon/4A479569FFA4FF9F1CEBFD15FF336A68.taxon (URL)

Biodiversity

Scientific name authorship
Philippi
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Arthropoda
Order
Diptera
Family
Brachystomatidae
Genus
Apalocnemis
Taxon rank
genus
Taxonomic concept label
Apalocnemis Philippi, 1865 sec. González, Elgueta & Rafael, 2021

References

  • Philippi, R. A. (1865) Aufzahlung der chilenischen Dipteren. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-koniglichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft, Wien, 15, 595 - 782. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9295
  • Melander, A. L. (1928) Diptera, Fam. Empididae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum, 185 (1927), 1 - 434.
  • Reed, E. C. (1888) Catailogo de los insectos diipteros de Chile. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 73, 271 - 316.
  • Bigot, J. M. F. (1889) Dipteres nouveaux ou peu connus. 34 e partie. XLII. Empidi (J. B.) Annales de la Socieitei Entomologique de France, Series 6, 9, 111 - 134.
  • Melander, A. L. (1908) Family Empididae. In: Williston, S. W. (Ed.), Manual of North American Diptera. 3 rd Edition. J. J. Hathaway, New Haven, Connecticut, pp. 218 - 227.
  • Collin, J. E. (1928) New Zealand Empididae based on material in the British Museum (Natural History). British Museum (Natural History), London, 110 pp.
  • Collin, J. E. (1933) Part IV Empididae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. British Museum (Natural History), London, 334 pp.
  • Melander, A. L. (1946) The Nearctic species of Iteaphila and Apalocnemis. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 41, 29 - 40.
  • Smith, K. G. V. (1967) Family Empididae (Empidae, Hybotidae). 39. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, SaTo Paulo, pp. 1 - 67.
  • Sinclair, B. J. (1995) Generic revision of the Clinocerinae (Empididae), and description and phylogenetic relationships of the Trichopezinae, new status (Diptera: Empidoidea). The Canadian Entomologist, 127, 665 - 752. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 127665 - 5
  • Sinclair, B. J. & Cumming, J. M. (2000) Revision of the genus Apterodromia (Diptera: Empidoidea), with a redefinition of the tribe Ocydromiini. Records of the Australian Museum, 52, 161 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.52.2000.1313
  • Moulton, J. K. & Wiegmann, B. M. (2007) The phylogenetic relationships of flies in the superfamily Empidoidea (Insecta: Diptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 43, 710 - 713. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2007.02.029
  • Sinclair, B. J. (2011) Revision of the New Zealand genus Adipsomyia (Diptera: Empidoidea: Brachystomatidae: Trichopezinae), with key to local Empidoid family and selected genus groups. The New Zealand Entomologist, 34, 30 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.2011.9722205
  • Rafael, J. A. & Sinclair, B. J. (2012) Revision of Neotropical species of Empidoidea (Diptera) described by Mario Bezzi. X. The species described in Apalocnemis Philippi (Brachystomatidae, Trichopezinae). Zootaxa, 3270 (1), 58 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3270.1.5
  • Smith, K. G. V. (2012) 43. Family Empididae. In: Evenhuis, N. L. (Ed.), Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions, Online Version, pp. 382 - 392. Available from: http: // hbs. bishopmuseum. org / aocat / hybotidae. html (accessed 31 August 2020)
  • Evenhuis, N. L. (2014). Family Brachystomatidae. In: Catalog of the Fossil Flies of the World (Insecta: Diptera) Website. Version 2.0. Available from: http: // hbs. bishopmuseum. org / fossilcat / [filename]. html (accessed 11 September 2020)
  • Rafael, J. A. & Chagas, C. B. (2014) Empididae & Brachystomatidae. In: Roig-JunTent, S., Claps, L. E. & Morrone, J. J. (Dirs.), Biodiversidad de Artroipodos Argentinos. Vol. 4. Editorial INSUE - UNT, San Miguel de Tucumain, pp. 333 - 338.
  • Sinclair, B. J. (2017 a) 53. Brachystomatidae (Brachystomatid dance flies). In: Kirk-Spriggs, A. H. & Sinclair, B. J. (Eds.), Manual of Afrotropical Diptera. Vol. 2. Nematocerous Diptera and lower Brachycera. Suricata 5. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 1251 - 1256.
  • Walhberg, E. & Johanson, K. A. (2018) Molecular phylogenetics reveals novel relationships within Empidoidea (Diptera). Systematic Entomology, 43, 619 - 636. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12297
  • Gonzalez, C. R. & Llanos, L. (2019) 5. Diipteros (Insecta: Diptera) en la Cordillera de la Costa centro-sur de Chile: una mirada a su diversidad. In: Smith-Ramiirez. C. & Squeo, F. A. (Eds.), Biodiversidad y Ecologiia de los Bosques Costeros de Chile. Editorial Universidad de Los Lagos, Los Lagos, pp. 101 - 124.
  • Morrone, J. J. (1999) Presentacion preliminar de un nuevo esquema biogeografico de America del Sur. Biogeographica, 75, 1 - 16.
  • Morrone, J. J. (2001) A proposal concerning formal definitions of the Neotropical and Andean regions. Biogeographica, 77, 65 - 82.
  • Cumming, J. M. & Sinclair, B. J. (2009). Empididae (dance flies, balloon flies, predaceous flies). In: Brown, B. V. Borkent, A., Cumming, J. M., Wood, D. M., Woodley, N. E. & Zumbado, M. A. (Eds.), Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. 1. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, pp. 653 - 670.