Polymorphisms in IL6 and IL10 genes and their implication in periodontitis on Romanian population

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with multifactorial etiology. The genetic factor is the major determinant of the host predisposition. The objectives of this study were to analyze some polymorphisms in the genes encoding IL6 and IL10 (polymorphisms that control the amount of synthesized cytokines) and to correlate the influence of these polymorphisms on periodontitis in the Romanian population, thus being the first study of its kind in our country. Our study was conducted at Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, between 2019-2020 and investigated the 4 gene polymorphisms in two genes known to be involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis IL10 and IL6: IL10 – 592C/A, IL10 – 819C/T, IL10 – 1082A/G and IL6 - 174 G/C. IL10-1082 allele frequency was significantly higher in chronic periodontitis (CP) subjects in comparison to controls and the patients with at least one G allele (AG, GC genotypes) had a higher risk for chronic periodontitis. The presence of the genotype IL 10 - 819 CC (normal homozygous allele) was lower in the experimental group than in the control group and the presence of the genotype IL 10 - 819 CT (heterozygous) and not of - 819 TT, was higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Genetic varieties can affect the function of the immune system by changing the transcription of immune factors. Not all the individuals having the similar amount of plaque and calculus develop periodontitis. In Romanian population, our study showed that the subjects with at least one G allele were exposed to a higher statistically significant risk for CP.