Published March 17, 2021
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Rhincodon typus Smith 1928
Authors/Creators
Description
Rhincodon typus Smith, 1928
Whale Shark
Rhiniodon typus Smith, 1828: 2. Holotype: MNHN 9855 (stuffed and mounted). Type locality: Table Bay, Western Cape Province, South Africa.
Local synonymy: Rhincodon typus: Smith, 1828: 2; Smith, 1829: 443; Smith, 1949a: 50, fig. 29; Smith, 1965: 50, fig. 29; Compagno, 1984a: 210, fig.; Bass, 1986: 66, fig. 8.1, pl. 1; Compagno et al., 1989: 38, pl.; Compagno, 1999: 119; Compagno, 2001: 203; Heemstra & Heemstra, 2004: 55; Compagno et al., 2005: 174, fig., pl. 28; Ebert et al., 2013 a: 272, fig., pl. 26; Ebert & Dando, 2014: 69, fig.; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 145; Compagno, 2016: 1253; Weigmann, 2016: 848. Rhinodon typicus: Muller & Henle, 1841: 77; Smith, 1849: pl. 26; Bass et al., 1975c: 50, fig. 24; Smith, 1975: 12. Rhineodon typicus: Gray, 1851: 67. Rhinodon typicus: Thompson, 1914: 149; Barnard, 1925: 37, pl. 2. Rhineodon typus: Barnard, 1935: 647, figs. 2–3, pls. 23–25.
South Africa voucher material: SAIAB 6279 [former ORI 6279], SAIAB 51225, SAIAB 204421.
South Africa distribution: Table Bay (WC) to KZN border with Mozambique.
Remarks: Although considered a mostly tropical to subtropical species, R. typus is now known to make excursions into temperate waters even as far as Table Bay (WC) on the west coast where the holotype of this species was captured.
Conservation status: EN (2016).
Notes
Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on pages 38-39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Scientific name authorship
- Smith
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Order
- Orectolobiformes
- Family
- Rhincodontidae
- Genus
- Rhincodon
- Species
- typus
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Rhincodon typus Smith, 1928 sec. Ebert, Wintner & Kyne, 2021
References
- Smith, A. (1828) Descriptions of new, or imperfectly known objects of the animal kingdom, found in the south of Africa. South African Commercial Advertiser, 145, 2.
- Smith, A. (1829) Contributions to the natural history of South Africa, & c. Zoological Journal, London, 16, 433 - 444.
- Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp.
- Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp.
- Compagno, L. J. V. (1984 a) FAO Species Catalogue. Sharks of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. Vol. 4. No. 125. Part 1. Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO, Rome, pp. 1 - 250.
- Bass, A. J. (1986) Families Chlamydoselachidae, Heterodontidae, Orectolobidae, Rhinicodontidae, Scyliorhinidae, Pseudotriakidae, Sphyrnidae, Lamnidae, Cetorhinidae, Alopiidae, Pseudocarchariidae, Squatinidae. In: Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 47 - 48 + 64 - 66 + 87 - 102 + 103 + 107.
- Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp.
- Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406
- Compagno, L. J. V. (2001) Sharks of the World, an Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date. Volume 2. Bullhead, Mackerel and Carpet Sharks (Heterodontiformes, Lamniformes and Orectolobiformes). FAO, Rome, 269 pp.
- Heemstra, P. C. & Heemstra, E. (2004) Coastal Fishes of Southern Africa. National Inquiry Service Centre and South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, 488 pp.
- Compagno, L., Dando, M. & Fowler, S. (2005) Field Guide to the Sharks of the World. Harper Collins Publishers Ltd, London, 368 pp.
- Ebert, D. A., Fowler, S. & Compagno, L. J. V. (2013) Sharks of the World: A Fully Illustrated Guide to the Sharks of the World. Wild Nature Press, Plymouth, 528 pp.
- Ebert, D. A. & Dando, M. (2014) On Board Guide for the Identification of Pelagic Sharks and Rays of the Western Indian Ocean. SmartFish Programme, FAO, Rome & Indian Ocean Commission, Port Louis, 109 pp.
- Ebert, D. A. & van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the " Lost Sharks " of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730
- Compagno, L. J. V. (2016) Sharks. In: Carpenter, K. E. & De Angelis, N. (Eds.), The Living Marine Resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 2. Bivalves, Gastropods, Hagfishes, Sharks, Batoid Fishes, and Chimaeras. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO, Rome, pp. 1122 - 1336.
- Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874
- M ʾ ller, J. & Henle, F. G. J. (1841) s. n. In: Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen. Plagiostomen, Berlin, pp. 103 - 200.
- Smith, A. (1849) Pisces. In: Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa. Vol. 4. Smith, Elder, and Co., London, 77 pp.
- Bass, A. J., D'Aubrey, J. D. & Kistnasamy, N. (1975 c) Sharks of the east coast of southern Africa. IV. The families Odontaspididae, Scapanorhynchidae, Isuridae, Cetorhinidae, Alopiidae, Orectolobidae and Rhiniodontidae. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 39, 1 - 102.
- Smith, M. M. (1975) Common and scientific names of the fishes of southern Africa. Part 1. Marine fishes. J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology Special Publication, 14, 1 - 178.
- Gray, J. E. (1851) List of the Specimens of Fish in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Chondropterygii. British Museum (Natural History), London, 160 pp.
- Thompson, W. W. (1914) Catalogue of the fishes of the Cape Province (Pt 1). Marine Biological Report, Cape Town, 2 (8), 132 - 167.
- Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418.
- Barnard, K. H. (1935) Notes on South African marine fishes. Annals of the South African Museum, 30 (5), 645 - 658.