Architecture and Characteristics of Bacterial Nanotubes
Description
Bacteria display an array of contact dependent interaction systems evolved to facilitate direct cell-to-cell communication. We have previously identified a mode of bacterial communication mediated by nanotubes bridging neighboring cells. Here, we elucidate nanotube architecture, dynamics and molecular components. Utilizing Bacillus subtilis as a model organism, we found that at low cell density nanotubes exhibit remarkable complexity, existing both as intercellular tubes and as extending tubes, with the latter frequently surrounding the cells in a "root-like" fashion. Observing nanotube formation in real time showed that these structures are formed in the course of minutes, displaying rapid movements. Utilizing a combination of super resolution, light and electron microscopy, we revealed that nanotubes are composed of chains of membranous segments harboring a continuous lumen. Furthermore, we discovered that a conserved calcineurin-like protein, YmdB, presents in nanotubes and is required for both nanotube production and intercellular molecular trade.
Files
Nanotube_2_2016_extended.pdf
Files
(13.3 MB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:a33884203e654eb0ee0775c7412a2a2e
|
13.3 MB | Preview Download |