Direct Means of Influencing Legal Awareness and Legal Culture

The article analyzes the direct means of influencing legal awareness and legal culture, distinguishes them from indirect means, as well as their systematization.

It is concluded that according to the vector of direction, the means of influencing legal consciousness and legal culture can be divided into two large blocks, namely: a) means of direct influence; B) means of indirect influence.

Among the means of direct influence on legal awareness and legal culture are: 1) legal literacy (legal upbringing); 2) legal education; 3) legal training. Moreover, the latter is considered as a subspecies of legal literacy, and not legal education. The argument of this position is that legal education, in our opinion, is a means of forming systematic legal knowledge at a professional level, that is, obtaining a legal profession. And legal literacy is considered as primary to legal education. Legal education (i.e., the acquisition of special knowledge, skills and abilities) carries certain risks if by the time of its receipt a person has not formed positive guidelines in the field of law. Because it turns out that a person gets a powerful tool to achieve their goals, but does not have precautions. At the same time, legal training measures are usually characterized by fragmentation and are aimed at mastering the rules of conduct in certain legal situations, which is more consistent with the characteristics of legal literacy, but not legal education.

Attention is focused on the fact that in Ukraine, the legal socialization of a person, and accordingly, legal literacy, begin quite late, already in high school. While the most optimal would be to acquire the skills of lawful behavior from preschool age. In our country, traditionally, the legal upbringing of a child is completely entrusted to parents, and there are very few projects of the corresponding direction for preschool children. Although it would be advisable to raise the level of social awareness of the child along with reading and writing. This involves revising the working programs and incorporating most of the soft-skills into it, starting with kindergarten and elementary school.