Paragryllinae

Individuals of U. telytokous from the Iguaçu National Park / PR, as well as from Viçosa / MG presented similar karyotypes (irregular), with 2n = 18♀, FN = 34, including three metacentric pairs (1, 2 and 3), five submetacentric pairs (4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) and an acrocentric pair (9). One or both bivalents of the pair 6 presented secondary constrictions and a large satellite (Fig. 7, arrow, Tabs 1–2).

Adelosgryllus cruscastaneus and A. similis presented similar karyotypes (asymmetrical), with 2n = 17♁, FN = 20, including two pairs of large submetacentrics (1 and 2), and six pairs of small acrocentrics (3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) (Figs 9–10, Tabs 1–2). Individuals of A. rubricephalus from the three sampled locations (Cap„o do Le„o/RS, Jaguarão/RS and Iguaçu National Park/ PR) presented the same karyotype features (asymmetrical), with 2n = 19♁, FN = 22, with the pair 1 submetacentric, and eight acrocentric pairs (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9); one or both of the bivalents of the pair 2 presented secondary constriction, and satellites varying in size (Figs 11, arrow, 15, Tab. 1–2). The three species of Adelosgryllus presented the same X0♁-XX ♀ sex-determining system, with the X chromosome metacentric, similar in size to the submetacentrics pairs (Figs 9–11, Tab. 2).

Laranda meridionalis showed an irregular karyotype, with 2n = 21, X0♁-XX ♀, FN = 36, with eight pairs of M/ SM bivalents (pairs 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 10) and two acrocentric pairs (pair 2 and 9). The X chromosome is submetacentric and the largest of the complement (Fig. 8, Tabs 1–2).