202. Ixodes scapularis Say, 1821.

A Nearctic species with a few records from the Neotropical Region, where its presence is considered provisionally valid. All parasitic stages of Ixodes scapularis are usually found on Mammalia (several orders), but they have also been rarely collected from Accipitriformes: Accipitridae, Galliformes: Phasianidae, and Passeriformes: Corvidae and Parulidae; larvae and nymphs are commonly recovered from Passeriformes (several families), and Squamata: Agamidae and Scincidae, but these stages have also been found on Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae, Falconiformes: Falconidae, and Galliformes: Odontophoridae; adult ticks alone have been taken from Squamata (unknown family); nymphs alone have been found on Falconiformes: Falconidae, Gruiformes: Gruidae, and Testudines: Emydidae (Guglielmone et al. 2014, Guglielmone & Robbins 2018, Scott et al. 2018, Lee et al. 2019). Ixodes scapularis is a very frequent parasite of humans.

M: Banks (1908)

F: Say (1821)

N: Hooker et al. (1912)

L: Hooker et al. (1912)

Redescriptions

M: Hooker et al. (1912), Cooley and Kohls (1945), Keirans and Clifford (1978), Keirans and Litwak (1989), Keirans et al. (1996a), Lindquist et al. (2016)

F: Banks (1908), Hooker et al. (1912), Cooley and Kohls (1945), Lancaster (1973), Keirans and Clifford (1978), Sonenshine (1979), Keirans and Litwak (1989), Keirans et al. (1996a), Lindquist et al. (2016)

N: Cooley and Kohls (1945), Sonenshine (1979), Durden and Keirans (1996), Keirans et al. (1996a), Lindquist et al. (2016), Dubie et al. (2017)

L: Clifford et al. (1961), Sénevet and Ripert (1967a), Sonenshine (1979), Keirans et al. (1996a), Coley (2015), Lindquist et al. (2016), Dubie et al. (2017)