Physical mechanisms and processes during the 2017 coastal El Niño and its influence on the vertical thermohaline structure applying the principles of the GFD: Case study of the North Coast of Peru.

The occurrence of the El Niño event brings with it serious implications on a global scale, generating changes in the coastal-oceanic, terrestrial and atmospheric systems; such as the rise in sea temperature, heavy rains, droughts, among others; which cause serious socio-economic problems in countries linked to the equatorial zone. In Peru, these problems were evident during the 2017 coastal El Niño; in this context, it is necessary to carry out studies that help to expand the knowledge of the scenarios, mechanisms, physical processes and the evolution of the event in order to obtain prevention measures.

Therefore, in this work we present the results on the application of partial differential equations (PDEs) of geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD) related to equilibrium (geostrophic balance), dynamics forced by the wind, processes in the mixing, heat flux, and stratification in the vertical thermohaline structure (VTHS). Likewise, the influence during the 2017 coastal El Niño on the VTHS is described, based on the dynamic approximations in the hydro-thermodynamic equations of movement and continuity, with the purpose of estimating the variations offshore of the physical properties: temperature, salinity, density and process mechanisms.