Scotonycteris zenkeri Matschie 1894
Authors/Creators
- 1. Department of Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science; University of Maroua, Cameroon, P. O. Box 814, Maroua (Cameroon) mangajes @ gmail. com (corresponding author)
- 2. Department of Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science; University of Maroua, Cameroon, P. O. Box 814, Maroua (Cameroon) filsbkw 27 @ gmail. com
- 3. Department of Biological sciences, Higher Teacher's Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P. O Box 812, Yaoundé (Cameroon) jltamesse @ yahoo. fr
Description
Scotonycteris zenkeri Matschie, 1894
(Fig. 11, Table 3)
Scotonycteris zenkeri Matschie, 1894: 202.
COMMON NAMES. — English Zenker’s Tear-drop Fruit Bat. French: Scontonyctère de Zenker.
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 14 specimens (including original data).
Mount Cameroon area • 2 specimens; Mueli; 4°23’00”N, 9°07’00”E; 600 m; 16.II.1958; Eisentraut m leg.; ZFMK 1961.0646, 0647 • 2 specimens; Malende Swamp Area; 4°21’00”N, 9°26’00”E; 50 m; 19.XII.1957; Martin Eisentraut leg.; SMNS 6624, 6625.
Other localities of Cameroon • 3 specimens; Mount Kupe; 4°48’05”N, 9°42’29”E; 1078 m; 1.XII.1966; Martin Eisentraut leg.; ZFMK 1969.0458, 0459, 0461 • 1 ♀; Dikume - Balue; 4°14’42”N, 9°29’36”E; 1100 m; 21.II.1967; Martin Eisentraut leg.; ZFMK 1969.0460 • 1 ♀; Bipindi; 3°05’00”N, 10°25’00”E; 184 m; Zenker Georg August leg.; ZMB 54390 • 1 ♀; Yaoundé; 3°52’00”N, 11°31’00”E; 726 m; Zenker Georg August leg.; ZMB 66533.
ORIGINAL DATA. — Four individuals of Scotonycteris zenkeri were netted in an undisturbed lowland forest of mount Cameroon at an altitude of 630 m a.s.l (Table 1). This species had previously been recorded in the lowland forest of Mount Cameroon by Eisentraut (1963), Hayman & Hill (1971), and by Fedden & MacLeod (1986), who mist-netted three individuals in a primary undisturbed forest. At Mount Nimba it was recorded at altitudes between 500 m to 600 m a.s.l. by Coe (1975) and at altitude below 800 m a.s.l. by Wolton et al. (1982).
DIAGNOSIS. — The four specimens display the characteristic brown head with prominent white spots on the forehead between nostrils and the eyes, small white spots at the posterior corner of each eye, and lips fringed with white (Fig. 3). The external measurements (Table 3), and description generally agree with those of Fahr (2013b), and Nigerian specimens described by Happold (1987).
HABITATS AND DISTRIBUTION. — This species has a limited distribution in Central Africa, centered on Cameroon (see Hassanin et al. 2015). According to Bergmans (1990), this species inhabits tropical lowland and montane forest where it lives in the lower strata of the forest about 3 m above the ground (Happold 1987); it roosts singly in trees or bushes (Happold 1987; Fahr 2013b). It is threatened by habitat loss through deforestation and the conversion of primary forest to agricultural use.
REMARK. — Based on molecular analyses, Hassanin et al. (2015) split Scotonycteris zenkeri into three species: Scotonycteris occidentalis in the Upper Guinea Region of West Africa, S. zenkeri in Cameroon and S. bergmansi in Central Africa.
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Event date
- 1957-12-19 , 1958-02-16 , 1966-12-01 , 1967-02-21
- Verbatim event date
- 1957-12-19 , 1958-02-16 , 1966-12-01 , 1967-02-21
- Scientific name authorship
- Matschie
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Order
- Chiroptera
- Family
- Pteropodidae
- Genus
- Scotonycteris
- Species
- zenkeri
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Scotonycteris zenkeri Matschie, 1894 sec. Mongombe, Fils & Tamesse, 2020
References
- EISENTRAUT M. 1963. - Die Wirbeltiere des Kamerungebirges. Verlag Paul Parey, Hamburg, 353 p.
- HAYMAN R. W. & HILL J. E. 1971. - Order Chiroptera. in MEESTER J & SETZER, H W. (eds), The mammals of Africa. An identification manual. Part 2, Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D. C, 73 p.
- FEDDEN M. O. & MACLEOD H. L. 1986. - Bat research in western Cameroon in S. N. STUART (ed.), Conservation of Cameroon montane forest. Report of the ICBP Cameroon Montane Forest Survey November 1983 - April 1984. International Council for Bird Preservation, Cambridge: 175 - 195.
- COE M. J. 1975. - Mammalian ecological studies on Mount Nimba, Liberia. Mammalia 39: 523 - 587. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / mamm. 1975.39.4.523
- WOLTON R. J., ARAK P. A., GODFRAY H. J., & WILSON R. P. 1982. - Ecological and behavioural studies of the Megachiroptera at Mount Nimba, Liberia, with notes on Microchiroptera. Mammalia 46: 419 - 448.
- FAHR J. 2013 b. - Scotonycteris zenkeri. Zenker's Fruit Bat, in D. C. D. HAPPOLD, J. KINGDON & T. BUTYNSKI (eds), The mammals of Africa, Volume IV: hedgehogs, shrews and bats. Bloomsbury Publishing, London: 297 - 299. http: // doi. org / 10.5040 / 9781472926944.0190
- HAPPOLD D. C. D. 1987. - The mammals of Nigeria. Clarendon Press. Oxford, 402 p. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0030605300027708
- HASSANIN A., KHOUIDER S., GEMBU G. C., GOODMAN S. M., KADJO B., NESI N., POURRUT X., NAKOUNE E. & BONILLO C. 2015. - The comparative phylogeography of fruit bats of the tribe Scotonycterini (Chiroptera, Pteropodidae) reveals cryptic species diversity related to African Pleistocene forest refugia. Comptes Rendus Biologies 338 (3): 197 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crvi. 2014.12.003
- BERGMANS W. 1990. - Taxonomy and biogeography of African fruit bats (Mammalia, Megachiroptera). 3. The genera Scotonycteris Matschie, 1894, Casinycteris Thomas, 1910, Pteropus Brisson, 1762, and Eidolon Rafinesque, 1815. Beaufortia 40: 111 - 177. https: // repository. naturalis. nl / pub / 504806