Published June 1, 2020 | Version Final version
Journal article Open

Designing an AB2-Type Alloy (TiZr-CrMnMo) for the Hybrid Hydrogen Storage Concept

Authors/Creators

  • 1. Department of System Development, Institute of Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
  • 2. Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
  • 3. Materials Technology, Helmut Schmidt University, Holstenhofweg 85, 22043 Hamburg, Germany

Description

The hybrid hydrogen storage method consists of the combination of both solid-state metal hydrides and gas hydrogen storage. This method is regarded as a promising trade-o solution between the already developed high-pressure storage reservoir, utilized in the automobile industry, and solid-state storage through the formation of metal hydrides. Therefore, it is possible to lower the hydrogen pressure and to increase the hydrogen volumetric density. In this work, we design a non-stoichiometric AB2 C14-Laves alloy composed of (Ti0.9Zr0.1)1.25Cr0.85Mn1.1Mo0.05. This alloy is synthesized by arc-melting, and the thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors are evaluated in a high-pressure Sieverts apparatus. Proper thermodynamic parameters are obtained in the range of temperature and pressure from 3 to 85 C and from 15 to 500 bar: DHabs. = 22 kJ/mol H2, DSabs. = 107  J/K mol H2, and DHdes. = 24  kJ/mol H2, DSdes. = 110  J/K mol H2. The addition of 10 wt.% of expanded natural graphite (ENG) allows the improvement of the heat transfer properties, showing a reversible capacity of about 1.5 wt.%, cycling stability and hydrogenation/dehydrogenation times between 25 to 70 s. The feasibility for the utilization of the designed material in a high-pressure tank is also evaluated, considering practical design parameters.

Notes

Headline: Clean Mobility through Efficient Gas-Solid Hydrogen Storage Under the Hybrid Concept One of the main bottlenecks for the implementation of a hydrogen infrastructure is the development of systems to safely and efficiently store hydrogen for mobile applications. Achieving high capacities and milder conditions for hydrogen storage requires the design of improved and innovative materials and systems. The novel hybrid storage method provides a smart trade-off solution between the already developed high-pressure storage reservoir, utilized in the automobile industry, and solid-state storage through the formation of metal hydrides. Therefore, it is possible to lower the hydrogen pressure and to increase the hydrogen volumetric density. The proposed hybrid system under reduced pressure of 250 bar and with a filling degree material of 60% presented a hydrogen volumetric and gravimetric density of 19 kg H2/m3 system and 1.8 wt.%, respectively. Despite the fact that these values are far away from the settings stablished by the Department of Energy USA (DOE), it represents a strategy to think about a novel system configuration heading towards lower pressures and taking advantage of the additional hydrogen volumetric density of metal hydrides.

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