Alloxysta macrophadna
Authors/Creators
Description
Alloxysta macrophadna (Hartig, 1841)
Figs 2.25, 4.21
Xystus macrophadnus Hartig, 1841: 352. Type: deposited in ZSM (examined).
Allotria macrophadna – Giraud 1860: 130.
Alloxysta macrophadna – Förster 1869: 340.
Allotria macrophadnus – Cameron 1889: 55.
Dilyta macrophadnus – Kieffer 1900: 114.
Alloxysta (Alloxysta) macrophadna – Dalla Torre & Kieffer 1902: 38.
Alloxysta macrophadnus – Rohwer & Fagan 1919: 340.
Charips macrophadnus – Muesebeck & Krombein 1951: 607.
Alloxysta macrophadna – Andrews 1978: 85.
Diagnosis
Alloxysta macrophadna is mainly characterized by a big, partially open radial cell (Fig. 4.21); the presence of pronotal carinae; the absence of propodeal carinae; and antenna with rhinaria and club shape beginning on F 4 in females and F 3 in males. It is similar to A. obscurata, but can be differentiated by the proportions of the flagellomere (F1 is subequal to F2, F2 is longer than F3, and F3 is subequal to F 4 in A. macrophadna (Fig. 2.25), while F1 is longer than F2, F2 is shorter than F3, and F3 is shorter than F 4 in A. obscurata (Fig. 2.31)), flagellomere shape (F2 and F3 are strongly curved in A. macrophadna males, but no flagellomeres are curved in A. obscurata males), and the size of the radial cell (3.0 times as long as wide in A. macrophadna (Fig. 4.21) but 2.7 times in A. obscurata (Fig. 5.3)).
Material examined
Lectotype
GERMANY: ♀ [♀], [lectotype H.H. Evenhuis (orange label)], [Xystus macrophadnus Hartig det. H.H. Evenhuis 1974], [Alloxysta macrophadna (Hartig, 1841) ♀ M. Ferrer-Suay det. 2011] (ZSM).
Paralectotypes
GERMANY: 3 ♀♀ [In collection Hartig as Xystus macrophadnus; Paralectotype Xystus macrophadnus Hartig, 1841 ♀ (red label); Alloxysta macrophadna (Hartig, 1841) ♀ M. Ferrer-Suay det. 2011] (ZSM). Additional specimens (33 ♂♂, 39 ♀♀)
CZECH REPUBLIC: 1 ♀ [Moravia, Zidlochovice, 20 Nov. 84, N.D. Springate] (BMNH); 1 ♀ [central Bohemia, 30 Jul. 1991, J. Macek] (CNCI C-278); 1 ♂ [Moravia, Lanzhot-Ranspurk, 9–12 Aug. 1991, L. Masner, climax hardwood forest, PT] (CNCI C-270); 1 ♀ [Moravia, Ladnice environs 7–9 Aug. 1991, L. Masner riparian, forest] (CNCI C-272).
FINLAND: 2 ♀♀ [Helsingfords, 19 Sep. 1933, G.J. Kerrich] (BMNH B.M. 1969-261); 1 ♀ [Kevo, Res. Station, 69°45′ N, 27°00′ E, 24 Jun. 1989, H. Goulet, sweep] (CNCI C-309).
FRANCE: 1 ♂ [Haute Savoie, Bossy sur Frangy, 17–30 Aug. 1993, J. Steffen, on wood pile] (CNCI C-289).
GERMANY: 1 ♀ [Wern, Riedenerwald, 15 Aug. 1978, L. Huggert, sweep in open oak wood] (CNCI C-234); 1 ♂, 5 ♀♀ [Schwarzwald, Todtmoos environs, 6 Aug. 1984, L. Masner, screen sweeping] (CNCI C-235).
IRELAND: 1 ♀ [Co. Donegal: Saggart A.W. Stelfox, 29 Sep. 1935 (green label), Saggar (n. Dv. Aws, 29.9.35) (handwritten, green label), A.W. Stelfox Collection 1966] (USNM).
ITALY: 1 ♂ [Dolomites Seis am Schlern., 1–13 Jun. 1964] (BMNH).
JAPAN: 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ [Hokkaido, Aizan, 800 m, 4 Jul. 1989, sweep, M.J. Sharkey] (CNCI C-186); 1 ♀ [Hokkaido, Furano, Exp. Forest, 43°15′ N, 142°20′ E, 9 Aug. 1996, 500 m, L. Masner, sweep] (CNCI C-166); 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ [Hokkaido, Furano Exp. Forest, 43°15′ N, 142°20′ E, 9 Aug. 1996, 500 m, L. Masner, sweep] (CNCI C-162); 1 ♀ [Hokkaido, Sapporo, Jozankei, 21–28 Sep. 1989, K. Maeto and M. Sharkey] (CNCI C-193); 4 ♂♂ [Gifu, Mt. Ena-san (ssw), 1200–1900 m, 5 Jun. 1995, K. Yamagishi] (CNCI C-189); 6 ♂♂ [Hokkaido, Shibetsu-Rubesu, E. slope of Mt. Shari, 43°45′ N, 144°45′ E, 17 Aug. 1996, 700 m, L. Masner, sweep] (CNCI C-164); 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀ [Hokkaido, Furano, Exp. Forest, 43°15′ N, 142°20′ E, 9 Aug. 1996, 500 m, L. Masner, sweep] (CNCI C-163).
NORWAY: 1 ♀ [Trondhem, 3 Jul. 1980, F. Joldsa] (BMNH).
POLAND: 1 ♀ [Przemysl, 12 Sep. 1984, N.D. Springate] (BMNH).
RUSSIA: 1 ♀ [Magadanskaya Oblast, Aborigen Field Station, 500 m, 25 Jul.–10 Aug. 1990, D.M. Wood] (CNCI C-298).
SLOVAKIA: 1 ♀ [Koṧice, 14–17 Sep. 84, N.D. Springate] (BMNH).
SLOVENIA: 1 ♀ [Slov. Vrata Valley, 13 Jun. 1979, P.H. and S.L. Ward] BMNH B.M. 1979-263); 1 ♂ [Rupa, 28 Apr. 1975, J.S.N., Grassland] (BMNH); 1 ♂ [Slovenia, Slatna, Radovljica, 6 Aug. 1978, L. Huggert, swept on open wooded (deciduous) meadow] (CNCI C-275).
SWEDEN: 1 ♂, 8 ♀♀ [Sk. Lund, Zoological Mus. grounds, Aug. 1976] (BMNH); 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ [Sk. Röstanga, 6 Jul. 1938, D.M.S.P. and J.F.P.] (BMNH B.M. 1938-414); 1 ♀ [Kalmar, Överum, 19 May–29 Jun. 1978, L. Huggert, MT at swampy lake shore] (CNCI C-312); 1 ♀ [Värmland, Ekshärad, 20–29 Jul. 1960, W.R.M. Mason] (CNCI C-313).
SWITZERLAND: 7 ♂♂, 1 ♀ [Dielsdorf, 650 m, 17 Aug. 1984, L. Masner, sweep] (CNCI C-290).
UNITED KINGDOM: Scotland: 1 ♀ [Perth and Kinross, Acham, PM, A.W. Stelfox, 15 Jul. 1951, A.W. Stelfox Collection 1966] (USNM).
Distribution
Holarctic.
Certain records: Andorra (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2011: 357), England (Müller et al. 1999: 346), Germany (Hartig 1841: 352; Höller et al. 1993: 13), Iran (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2013a: 38), Montenegro (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2013b: 358);
Uncertain records: Austria (Giraud 1860: 130; Hellén 1963: 12), Belgium (Lameere 1907; Crèvecoeur & Maréchal 1933), Bulgaria and Balkan peninsula (Vasileva-Sumnalieva 1976: 23), England (Cameron 1889: 53; Kieffer 1902a: 10), Finland (Hellén 1963: 12), France (Kieffer 1902a: 10; De Gaulle 1908: 26), Ireland (O’Connor & Nash 1997), Italy (Hellén 1963: 12), Lappland (Hellén 1963: 12), Norway (Hellén 1966: 393), Poland (Kierych 1979b: 14; Krawczyk et al. 2009: 161), Romania (Barnea et al. 2005: 87), Russia (Hellén 1963: 12), Scotland (Cameron 1883: 368; 1886: 53), Sweden (Thomson 1862: 408), Switzerland (Hellén 1963: 12), The Netherlands (Evenhuis 1974: 165), USA (Tennessee) (Andrews 1978: 59).
New records: Czech Republic and Japan.
Notes
Files
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Collection code
- ZSM
- Scientific name authorship
- Hartig
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Arthropoda
- Order
- Hymenoptera
- Family
- Figitidae
- Genus
- Alloxysta
- Species
- macrophadna
- Taxon rank
- species
- Type status
- lectotype , paralectotype
- Taxonomic concept label
- Alloxysta macrophadna (Hartig, 1841) sec. Ferrer-Suay, Selfa & Pujade-Villar, 2018
References
- Hartig T. 1841. Erster Nachtrag zur Naturgeschichte der Gallwespen. Zeitschrift fur Entomologie 3: 322 - 358.
- Giraud J. 1860. Enumeration des Figitides de l'Autriche. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-koniglichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 10: 123 - 176.
- Forster A. 1869. Ueber die Gallwespen. Verhandllungen der kaiserlich-koniglichen zoologishbotanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 19: 327 - 370.
- Cameron P. 1889. On the British species of Allotrinae, with descriptions of other new species of parasitic Cynipidae. Memoirs of Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society 2: 53 - 69.
- Kieffer J. J. 1900. Ueber Allotrinen. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung 19: 112 - 115.
- Dalla Torre K. W. & Kieffer J. J. 1902. Cynipidae. In: Wytsman P. (ed.) Genera Insectorum, Vol. I. Desemt-Verteneuil, Brussels.
- Rohwer S. A. & Fagan M. 1919. Additions and corrections to " The type-species of the genera of the Cynipoidea, or the gall wasps and parasitic Cynipoids ". Proceedings of the United States National Museum 55: 337 ─ 340.
- Muesebeck C. F. W. & Krombein K. V. 1951. Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. Synoptic Catalog. Agriculture Monograph 2. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington D. C.
- Andrews F. G. 1978. Taxonomy and host specificity of Nearctic Alloxystinae with a catalogue of the World species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Ocassional Papers in Entomology 25: 1 - 128.
- Evenhuis H. H. 1974. Studies on Cynipidae Alloxystinae 4. Alloxysta macrophadna (Hartig, 1841) and Alloxysta brassicae (Ashmead, 1887). Entomologische Berichten 34: 165 - 168.
- Ferrer-Suay M., Selfa J. & Pujade-Villar J. 2011. Nuevos registros de la subfamilia Charipinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae) para Andorra junto con una clave identificativa. Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia 35 (3 - 4): 345 - 367. Available from https: // dialnet. unirioja. es / servlet / articulo? codigo = 3966356 [accessed 21 Mar. 2018].
- Muller C. B., Adriaanse I. C. T., Belshaw R. & Godfray H. C. J. 1999. The structure of an aphid-parasitoid community. Journal of Animal Ecology 68: 346 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2656.1999.00288. x
- Holler C., Borgemeister C., Haardt H. & Powell W. 1993. The relationship between primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of cereal aphids - an analysis of field data. Journal of Animal Ecology 62: 12 - 21.
- Ferrer-Suay M., Selfa J., Seco-Fernandez M. V., Melika G., Alipour A., Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A. & Pujade-Villar J. 2013 a. A contribution to the knowledge of Charipinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) associated with aphids from Iran, including new records. North-Western Journal of Zoology 9 (1): 30 - 44.
- Ferrer-Suay M., Selfa J., Tomanovic Z., Jankovic M., Kos K., Rakhshani E. & Pujade-Villar J. 2013 b. Revision of Alloxysta from the north-western Balkan Peninsula with description of two new species (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (1): 347 - 368.
- Hellen W. 1963. Die Alloxystininen Finnlands (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Fauna Fennica 15: 1 - 23.
- Lameere A. 1907. Manuel de la faune de Belgique; 3. Insectes superieurs, Hymenopteres, Dipteres, Lepidopteres. H. Lamertin, Brussels.
- Crevecoeur A. & Marechal P. 1933. Materiaux pour servir a l'etablissement d'un nouveau catalogue des Hymenopteres de Belgique IV. Bulletin et Annales de la Societe royale entomologique de Belgique 73 (11): 373 - 382.
- Vasileva-Sumnalieva L. 1976. On the fauna and biology of the subfamily Charipinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) in Bulgaria. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 5: 22 - 26.
- Kieffer J. J. 1902 a. Description de quelques Cynipides nouveaux ou peu connus et de deux de leurs parasites (Hymenopteres). Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire naturelle de Metz 10: 1 - 18.
- De Gaulle J. 1908. Catalogue Systematique & Biologique des Hymenopteres de France. Librairie Paul Klincksieck, Paris.
- O'Connor J. P. & Nash R. 1997. A review of the Irish Charipidae (Hymenoptera) including nine species new to Ireland. Irish Naturalists' Journal 25: 410 - 411.
- Hellen W. 1966. Cynipiden- and Proctotrupoidenfunde aus Norwegen (Hympenoptera). Norsk Entomologisk Tidsskrift 13: 393.
- Kierych E. 1979 b. Galasowkowate Cynipoidea. Katalog Fauny Polski. Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Zoologii 26 (2): 1 - 103.
- Krawczyk A., Hurej M. & Jackowski J. 2009. Hyperparasitoids of aphids on maize in Opole region in Poland. Polish Journal of Entomology 78 (2): 161 - 168.
- Barnea O., Mustata M., Mustata G. & Feraru E. 2005. The complex of parasitoids controling some colonies of aphids. Lucrarile simpozionului Entomofagii si rolul lor in pastrarea echilibrului natural. Universitatea " Al I. Cuza ", Iasi.
- Cameron P. 1883. Descriptions of sixteen new species of parasitic Cynipidae, chiefly from Scotland. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 16 (4): 365 - 374. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1883. tb 02952. x
- Cameron P. 1886. The fauna of Scotland, with special reference to Clydesdale and the western district. Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Glasgow 3: 53 - 95.
- Thomson C. G. 1862. Forsok till uppstallning och beskrifning af Sveriges Figiter. Ofversigt af Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-akademiens forhandlingar 18: 395 - 420.