Development of dysbiosis in the organism of rats receiving a high-fat diet

Levitsky A. P., Markov A. V., Pupin T. I. Development of dysbiosis in the organism of rats receiving a high-fat diet. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(4):199-208. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.04.022

https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.04.022

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Received: 17.02.2020. Revised: 20.04.2020. Accepted: 29.04.2020.

UDK 616.34:615.874

DEVELOPMENT OF DYSBIOSIS IN THE ORGANISM OF RATS

RECEIVING A HIGH-FAT DIET

A. P. Levitsky1, A. V. Markov2, T. I. Pupin2

1Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies

2 Lviv National Medical University named after Danylo Galytskij

irina.selivanskaya@gmail.com

Abstract

Background. To determine the effect on the degree of dysbiosis in the organs and tissues of rats treated with high-fat diet (HFD) using fats with various fatty acid compositions.

Methods. We used ordinary (high-linoleic) sunflower oil, high-oleic sunflower oil, butter, palm and coconut oils. Rats were fed with 15 % of each of the fats for 64 days. In the blood serum from v.cava and v. porta, in the liver, heart, brain, skeletal muscles and intestinal mucosa, urease activity (an indicator of bacterial insemination), lysozyme activity (a factor of non-specific immunity) were determined, and the degree of dysbiosis was calculated from the ratio of relative urease and lysozyme activities. 

Results. The activity of urease in the blood of v. porta increased in rats treated with HFD, and was significantly higher than in the blood of v.cava. In most of the studied tissues, urease activity increased after HFD, with the exception of rats receiving high-oleic sunflower oil (HOSO). In contrast, lysozyme activity was reduced in most tissues, with the exception of rats treated with HOSO. The degree of dysbiosis increased after HFD with the exception of rats treated with HOSO.

Conclusion. HFD increases the translocation of bacteria from the intestine. The liver partially neutralizes the microflora coming from the intestines. In blood serum from v. cava and v. porta, urease activity (an indicator of bacterial contamination), lysozyme activity (nonspecific immunity factor) were determined in the liver, heart, brain, skeletal muscle and intestinal mucosa, and the degree of dysbiosis was calculated by the ratio of the relative activities of urease and lysozyme.

Results. Blood urease activity v. porta was elevated in rats treated with HFD and was significantly higher than in blood v. cava. In most of the tissues studied, urease activity increased after HFD with the exception of rats treated with high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO), the development of dysbiosis in all tissues of the body. The exception is HOSO, which does not cause the development of dysbiosis and inflammation.

Key words: high-fat diet; dysbiosis; urease; lysozyme; liver; high oleic sunflower oil.