Published August 10, 2019 | Version http://european-science.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/VOL-1-No-42-2019.pdf
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REASSORTMENT EVENTS IN HA, NA AND NP GENES DETECTED BY PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF INFLUENZA A VIRUS STRAINS OF SUBTYPES A (H1N1) AND A (H7N9)

Authors/Creators

  • 1. NSC Institute experimental and clinical veterinary medicine

Description

The influenza virus is a serious pathogens of animals, humans and birds that regularly causes epidemics, as well as high-mortality pandemics; therefore, an analysis of the assessment of reassortment in the hemagglutinin (HA), neurominidase (NA) and nucleoproteine (NP) genes is necessary. Reassortment causes the necessary genetic variability, which allows a virus with high efficiency to overcome the interspecies barrier. Determination of the reassortment events will allow assessing the degree of variability of the genes of the proteins responsible for the infection process in the infection of the cell.Reassortment events in HA, NA and NP genes of H1N1 and H7N9 strains of Influenza A virus were studied. To characterize the reassortant viruses that have obtained the genes for surface (HA, NA) and internal proteins (NP) from the low pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H7, and the genes for the highly productive human influenza virus H1, the study of post-reassortment interaction of genes, optimization of the gene composition of highly productive reassortants. Materials and methods. The nucleotide sequences of the investigated genes of hemagglutinin, neurominidase, and nucleoproteine proteins for determining the reassortment events were taken from the National Center for Biotechnological Information (NCBI) GenBank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). The assessment of the reassortment was carried out by aligning nucleotide sequences using the ClustalW algorithm. Phylogenetic analysis was calculated by the method of maximum likelihood. The dendrogram was built using the MEGA6 program. The reliability of the resulting phylogenetic tree was obtained using bootstrap analysis. The level of reassortment was determined by the GiRaF program. Results. It has been shown that events of the reassortment of the HA gene on two clusters are present within and between subtypes H1N1 and H7N9. The reassortment of the NA genes of two subtlety subtypes shows that among them, each is produced by the genes of the reassortment and have sequences of genes of only one subtype of the influenza A virus. These events of the reassortment of the NA genes are present within the subtypes of H1N1 and H7N9, but not between them. It has been established that events of reassortment of NP genes are not present between subtypes H1N1 and H7N9. The absence of reassortment events in NA, NA and NP genes of the analyzed strains was shown. Conclusions. The assortment events of the HA, NA, and NA genes in subtypes of the influenza A H1N1 and H7N9 viruses show the presence of subtypes inside and not between them. This suggests that genetic polymorphism should be investigated in the subtypes by the definition of mutations, with further evaluation of the variability of the genetic markers of the genes of the proteins studied. Consequently, the absence of reassortment events in HA, NA, and NP genes of the Influenza A strain H1N1 and H7N9 was shown. The results of this research confirm previously conducted studies and explain the evolution of NA, NA and NP genes of the Influenza A virus.

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