State of the art analysis

This report is about the state of the art analysis performed by CRIT within the DREAM project
for the defining the application parameters of the CHP unit to the ceramic kiln.
The purpose of this CHP unit is double. On one side, and probably the most important one, a
CHP unit may provide enough electrical power to the kiln to grant its functions even in case of a
prolongated blackout on the grid. This feature is particularly relevant for those countries where the
power network lacks the necessary stability and frequent black out happen. The second goal that
can be reached by applying a CHP unit to a ceramic kiln is to increase considerably the overall
efficiency of the system thanks to the cogeneration. In fact, the process of ceramic preparation is
eager of heat and in this particular case we plan to use it in the drying process that precedes the
effective cooking of the tile. Due to the better efficiency, cogeneration will not only reduce costs of
energy production, but also decrease the overall emissions of the process.
Cogeneration can be done with several different technologies, which are reported in Chapter 2
of this deliverable. In this study, we explain why we found that gas turbine is the more suitable
technology for the ceramic industrial process.
The DREAM project proposed to find a cogeneration system that would allow a dual fuel feeding
wherein one of them would be a bio‐fuel. To this extent, we have explored the supply chain of biogas
production, thus reporting in the current Deliverable how the DREAM project goal can be reached
by installing a turbine that would accept, with no substantial modification, both natural gas and
biomethane as fuel. Since the vast majority of the ceramic kilns of the EU‐28 is found in these two
countries, we finally provide a general overlook of the Italian and Spanish state financial support to
the application of cogeneration technologies.