Biodiversity Literature Repository

Submit to community
Liberated Data
Published December 31, 2013 | Version v1
Journal article Restricted

First fossil larvae of Berothidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with notes on the biology and termitophily of the family

Authors/Creators

Description

Wedmann, Sonja, Makarkin, Vladimir N., Weiterschan, Thomas, Hörnschemeyer, Thomas (2013): First fossil larvae of Berothidae (Neuroptera) from Baltic amber, with notes on the biology and termitophily of the family. Zootaxa 3716 (2): 236-258, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.2.6

Files

Restricted

The record is publicly accessible, but files are restricted. <a href="https://zenodo.org/account/settings/login?next=https://zenodo.org/records/248083">Log in</a> to check if you have access.

Linked records

Additional details

Identifiers

URL
https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/43038
LSID
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1D536BCD-4D3B-42B0-98B9-48D8BC31ECE5
LSID
urn:lsid:plazi.org:pub:FE663D2AFF909519FFA6FF8FFFBFA356
URL
http://publication.plazi.org/id/FE663D2AFF909519FFA6FF8FFFBFA356

Cites
Publication: 10.4039/n03-043 (DOI)
Publication: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00560.x (DOI)
Publication: 10.1017/s1477201904001208 (DOI)
Publication: 10.1206/651.1 (DOI)
Publication: 10.1155/1947/78317 (DOI)
Publication: 10.1038/289506a0 (DOI)
Publication: 10.1206/0003-0082(2003)390<0001:tfcria>2.0.co;2 (DOI)
Publication: 10.1080/00379271.2010.10697666 (DOI)
Publication: 10.1111/j.1755-6724.2010.00238.x (DOI)
Publication: 10.3897/zookeys.130.1418 (DOI)
Publication: 10.1016/j.cretres.2011.11.013 (DOI)
Publication: 10.2317/jkes811.10.1 (DOI)
Publication: 10.3989/graellsia.2008.v64.i2.34 (DOI)
Publication: 10.1111/j.1755-6724.2010.00242.x (DOI)
Publication: 10.1016/j.cretres.2012.03.014 (DOI)
Publication: 10.5479/si.03629236.108.i (DOI)
Publication: 10.1117/12.679497 (DOI)
Publication: 10.4039/ent100623-6 (DOI)
Publication: 10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00521.x (DOI)
Has part
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.5677404 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/025F4552FF92951BFF31FF52FDFEA3A1 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.5677406 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/025F4552FF92951BFF31FEADFDE3A26A (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.5677408 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/025F4552FF92951DFF31FEE7FC26A043 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.5677412 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/025F4552FF94951EFF31FCD2FB50A755 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.5677414 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/025F4552FF979510FF31FBB3FEC3A2A3 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.5677416 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/025F4552FF999517FF31FDC7FC37A1B9 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.5677420 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/025F4552FF9F9509FF31FC03FDB0A6CB (URL)
Dataset: http://table.plazi.org/id/DE89A4CCFF919518FF31FF17FC24A3F9 (URL)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.248084 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.248085 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.248086 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.248087 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.248088 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.248089 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.248090 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.248091 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.248092 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.248093 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.248094 (DOI)
Is source of
Dataset: https://www.gbif.org/dataset/bf4ff1aa-467d-41e2-a66a-141f5c442865 (URL)

References

  • Archibald, S.B. & Makarkin, V.N. (2004) A new genus of minute Berothidae (Neuroptera) from Early Eocene amber of British Columbia, Canada. Canadian Entomologist, 136, 61-76.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n03-043
  • Aspock, U. (1986) The present state of knowledge of the family Berothidae (Neuropteroidea: Planipennia). In: Gepp, J., Aspock, H. & Holzel, H. (Eds.), Recent Research in Neuropterology. Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Neuropterology. Privately printed, Graz, Austria, pp. 87-101.
  • Aspock, U. (1989) Nyrma kervillea Navas - eine Berothide! (Neuropteroidea: Planipennia). Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen, 41, 19-24.
  • Aspock, U. (1992) Crucial points in the phylogeny of the Neuroptera (Insecta). In: Canard, M., Aspock, H. & Mansell, M.W. (Eds.), Current Research in Neuropterology. Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Neuropterology. Privately printed, Toulouse, pp. 63-73.
  • Aspock, U. & Aspock, H. (1985) Das Genus Lekrugeria Navas (Neuropteroidea: Planipennia: Berothidae: Berothinae). Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen, 37, 85-98.
  • Aspock, U. & Aspock, H. (1988) Die Subfamilie Cyrenoberothinae - ein Gondwana-Element? Manselliberotha neuropterologorum n.g. et n. sp. aus S.W.A./Namibia (Neuropteroidea: Neuroptera: Berothidae). Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen, 40, 1-13.
  • Aspock, U., Haring, E. & Aspock, H. (2012) The phylogeny of the Neuropterida: long lasting and current controversies and challenges (Insecta: Endopterygota). Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny, 70 (2), 119-129.
  • Aspock, U. & Nemeschkal, H.L. (1998) A cladistic analysis of the Berothidae (Neuroptera). Acta Zoologica Fennica, 209, 45- 63.
  • Aspock, U., Randolf, S. & Aspock, H. (2010) The Berothidae of Madagascar (Neuropterida: Neuroptera) and Madagascar's biological exploration by the Viennese adventuress Ida Pfeiffer (1797-1858). In: Devetak, D., Lipovsek, S. & Arnett, A.E. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Neuropterology. Piran, Slovenia, 2008. Maribor, Slovenia, pp. 75-82.
  • Bachofen-Echt, A. (1949) Der Bernstein und seine Einschlusse. Springer Verlag, Wien, 204 pp.
  • Baker, C.F. (1905) Notes on neuropteroid insects of the Pacific Coast of North America with descriptions of new species by Nathan Banks. Invertebrata Pacifica, 1, 85-91.
  • Banks, N. (1905) A revision of the Nearctic Hemerobiidae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 32, 21-51.
  • Banks, N. (1906) Two new termites. Entomology News, 17, 336-337.
  • Beutel, R.G., Friedrich, F. & Aspock, U. (2010) The larval head of Nevrorthidae and the phylogeny of Neuroptera (Insecta). Zoological Journal of Linnean Society, 158, 533-562.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00560.x
  • Blanchard, C.E. (1851) Mirmeleonianos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia fisica y politica de Chile. Zoologia, Vol. 6. Paris, pp. 119- 129.
  • Brushwein, J.R. (1987a) Observations on Lomamyia longicollis (Neuroptera: Berothidae) in South Carolina. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 60, 150-152.
  • Brushwein, J.R. (1987b) Bionomics of Lomamyia hamata (Neuroptera: Berothidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 80, 671-679.
  • Carpenter, F.M. (1940) A revision of the Nearctic Hemerobiidae, Berothidae, Sisyridae, Polystoechotidae and Dilaridae (Neuroptera). Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 74, 193-280.
  • Dobosz, R. & Gorski, G. (2008) New data on Nyrma kervilea (Neuroptera: Berothidae). In: Devetak, D. & Klenovsek, T. (Eds.), Tenth International Symposium on Neuropterology, 22-25 June 2008, Piran, Slovenia. Abstract book. Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Maribor, pp. 33.
  • Engel, M.S. (2004) Thorny lacewings (Neuroptera: Rhachiberothidae) in Cretaceous Amber from Myanmar. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2, 137-140.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1477201904001208
  • Engel, M.S. & Grimaldi, D.A. (2008) Diverse Neuropterida in Cretaceous amber, with particular reference to the paleofauna of Myanmar (Insecta). Nova Supplementa Entomologica, 20, 1-86.
  • Engel, M.S., Grimaldi, D.A. & Krishna, K. (2009) Termites (Isoptera): their phylogeny, classification, and rise to ecological dominance. American Museum novitates, 3650, 1-27.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/651.1
  • Faulkner, D.K. (1992) A revision of the genus Lomamyia Banks (Planipennia: Berothidae) with an emphasis on the western United States species. Unpublished Master thesis. California State University, Long Beach, CA, USA, xii + 119 pp.
  • Gepp, J. (1984) Erforschungsstand der Neuropteren-Larven der Erde (mit einem Schlussel zur larvaldiagnose der Familien, einer Ubersicht von 340 beschreibenen Larven und 600 Literaturzitaten). In: Gepp, J., Aspock, H. & Holzel, H. (Eds.), Progress in World's Neuropterology. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Neuropterology. Graz, Austria, pp. 183-239.
  • Ghilarov, M.S. (1962) The larva of Dilar turcicus Hag. and the position of the family Dilaridae in the order Planipennia. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 41, 402-416. [In Russian; English translation: Entomological Review, 41, 244-253]
  • Grimaldi, D.A. (2000) A diverse fauna of Neuropterodea in amber from the Cretaceous of New Jersey. In: Grimaldi, D.A. (Ed.), Studies on Fossil in Amber, with Particular Reference to the Cretaceous of New Jersey. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, pp. 259-303.
  • Gurney, A.B. (1947) Notes on Dilaridae and Berothidae, with special reference to the immature stages of the Nearctic genera (Neuroptera). Psyche, 54, 145-169.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1947/78317
  • Hagen, H.A. (1858) Catalogue of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part 1. Termitina. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, 34 pp.
  • Hagen, H.A. (1874) Report on the pseudo-Neuroptera and Neuroptera collected by Lieut. W. L. Carpenter in 1873 in Colorado. Annual Report of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories, 7 (for 1873), 571-606.
  • Handlirsch, A. (1906-1908). Die fossilen Insekten und die Phylogenie der rezenten Formen. Ein Handbuch fur Palaeontologen und Zoologen. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, ix + 1430 pp. [Issued in 1906 (pp. 1-640); 1907 (pp. 641-1140); 1908 (pp. 1120- 1430)]
  • Hoffeins, C. & Hoffeins, H.W. (2004) Untersuchungen uber die Haufigkeit von Inklusen in Baltischem und Bitterfelder Bernstein (Tertiar, Eozan) aus unselektierten Aufsammlungen unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Ordnung Diptera. Studia dipterologica, 10 (2) (for 2003), 381-392.
  • Hoffman, K.M. & Brushwein, J.R. (1992) Descriptions of the larvae and pupae of some North American Mantispinae (Neuroptera: Mantispidae) and development of a system of larval chaetotaxy for Neuroptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 118, 159-196.
  • Holmgren, N. (1911) Bemerkungen uber einige Termiten-Arten. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 37, 545-553.
  • Holmgren, N. (1912) Termitenstudien: 3. Systematik der Termiten. Die Familie Metatermitidae. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 48 (4), 1-166.
  • Holmgren, N. (1913) Termitenstudien: 4. Versuch einer systematischen Monographie der Termiten der Orientalischen Region. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 50 (2), 1-276.
  • Janzen, J.W. (2002) Arthropods in Baltic amber. Ampyx Verlag, Halle, 167 pp.
  • Johnson, J.B. & Hagen, K.S. (1981) A neuropterous larva uses an allomone to attack termites. Nature (London), 289, 506-507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/289506a0
  • Kawashima, K. (1957) Bionomics and earlier stages of some Japanese Neuroptera (I) Spilosmylus flavicornis (MacLachlan) (Osmylidae). Mushi, 30, 67-70.
  • Klimaszewski, J. & Kevan, D.K.McE. (1986) A new lacewing-fly (Neuroptera: Planipennia) from Canadian Cretaceous Amber, with an analysis of its fore wing characters. Entomological News, 97, 124-132.
  • Kollar, V. (1837) Naturgeschichte der schadlichen Insekten. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-koniglichen Landwirthschafts- Gesellschaft in Wien, 5, 411-413.
  • Krishna, K. & Grimaldi, D. (2003) The first Cretaceous Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera): a new species, genus, and subfamily in Burmese amber. American Museum Novitates, 3390, 1-10.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2003)390<0001:tfcria>2.0.co;2
  • Krishna, K. & Grimaldi, D. (2009) Diverse Rhinotermitidae and Termitidae (Insecta: Isoptera) in Dominican amber. American Museum Novitates, 3640, 1-48.
  • Kruger, L. (1923) Neuroptera succinica baltica. Die im baltischen Bernstein eingeschlossenen Neuroptera des Westpreussischen Provinzial-Museums (heute Museum fur Naturkunde und Vorgeschichte) in Danzig. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 84, 68-92.
  • Lestage, J.A. (1921) La ponte et la larvule de l' Osmylus chrysops L. (Planipenne). Annales de Biologie Lacustre, Brussels, 10, 226-230.
  • Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, 10th ed., Vol. 1. Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp.
  • MacLeod, E.G. (1964) A comparative morphological study of the head capsule and cervix of larval Neuroptera (Insecta). Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA, [iii] + 528 pp.
  • MacLeod, E.G. & Adams, P.A. (1968) A review of the taxonomy and morphology of the Berothidae, with the description of a new subfamily from Chile (Neuroptera). Psyche, 74 (for 1967), 237-265.
  • Makarkin, V.N. (1994) Upper Cretaceous Neuroptera from Russia and Kazakhstan. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (N.S.), 30, 283-292.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2010.10697666
  • Makarkin, V.N. & Kupryjanowicz, J. (2010) A new mantispid-like species of Rhachiberothinae from Baltic amber (Neuroptera, Berothidae), with a critical review of the fossil record of the subfamily. Acta Geologica Sinica, 84, 655-664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6724.2010.00238.x
  • Makarkin, V.N., Ren D. & Yang Q. (2011) Two new species of Sinosmylites Hong (Neuroptera: Berothidae) from the Middle Jurassic of China, with notes on Mesoberothidae. ZooKeys, 130, 199-215.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.130.1418
  • Makarkin V.N., Yang Q., Peng, Y.Y. & Ren D. (2012) A comparative overview of the neuropteran assemblage of the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation (China), with description of a new genus of Psychopsidae (Insecta: Neuroptera). Cretaceous Research, 35, 57-68.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2011.11.013
  • Martins-Neto, R.G. & Vulcano, M.A. (1990) Neuropteros (Insecta: Planipennia) da Formacao Santana (Cretaceo Inferior), Bacia do Araripe, nordeste do Brasil. III. Superfamilia Mantispoidea. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 34, 619-625.
  • McKellar, R.C. & Engel, M.S. (2009) A new thorny lacewing (Neuroptera: Rhachiberothidae) from Canadian Cretaceous amber. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 82, 114-121.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.2317/jkes811.10.1
  • Minter, L.R. (1990) A comparison of the eggs and first-instar larvae of Mucroberotha vesicaria Tjeder with those of other species in the families Berothidae and Mantispidae (Insecta: Neuroptera). In: Mansell, M.W. & Aspock, H. (Eds.), Advances in Neuropterology. Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Neuropterology. South African Department of Agricultural Development, Pretoria, pp. 115-129.
  • Moller, A. (2003) Aspects of the larval morphology and biology of South African Podallea species (Neuropterida: Neuroptera: Berothidae). Master of Science Thesis. School of Molecular and Life Sciences in the Faculty of Sciences, Health and Agriculture, University of the North, South Africa, 123 pp.
  • Moller, A., Minter, L.R. & Olivier, P.A.S. (2006) Larval morphology of Podallea vasseana Navas and Podallea manselli Aspock & Aspock from South Africa (Neuroptera: Berothidae). African Entomology, 14, 1-12.
  • Monserrat, V.J. (1988) Revision de los dilaridos ibericos (Neuropteroidea, Planipennia: Dilaridae). Eos, 64, 175-205.
  • Monserrat, V.J. (2006) Nuevos datos sobre algunas especies de la familia Berothidae (Insecta: Neuroptera). Heteropterus Revista de Entomologia, 6, 173-207.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/graellsia.2008.v64.i2.34
  • Monserrat, V.J. & Deretsky, Z. (1999) New faunistical, taxonomic and systematic data on brown lacewings (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae). Journal of Neuropterology, 2, 45-66.
  • Navas, L. (1910) Hemerobidos (Ins. Neur.) nuevos con la clave de las tribus y generos de la familia. Broteria (Zoologica), 9, 69-90.
  • Navas, L. (1933) De las cazas del Sr. Gadeau de Kerville en el Asia Menor. In: Ve Congres International d'Entomologie, Paris, 18-24 Juillet 1932. Vol. 2. Travaux, pp. 221-225.
  • Nel, A., Perrichot, V., Azar, D. & Neraudeau, D. (2005a) New Rhachiberothidae (Insecta: Neuroptera) in Early Cretaceous and Early Eocene ambers from France and Lebanon. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie Abhandlungen, 235, 51- 85.
  • Nel, A., Perrichot, V., Azar, D. & Neraudeau, D (2005b) A replacement name for the neuropteran genus Eorhachiberotha Nel et al., 2005 (Neuroptera: Rhachiberothidae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 110, 128.
  • New, T.R. (1986) A review of the biology of Neuroptera Planipennia. Neuroptera International (Supplemental Series), 1, 1-57.
  • New, T.R. (1991) Neuroptera (lacewings). In: Naumann, I.D. (Ed.), The Insects of Australia, 2nd ed., Vol. 1. Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, pp. 525-542.
  • Penny, N.D. & Winterton, S. (2007) Rediscovery of the unusual genus Ormiscocerus (Neuroptera: Berothidae: Cyrenoberothinae). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4, 58, 1-6.
  • Perkovsky, E.E., Rasnitsyn, A.P., Vlaskin, A.P. & Taraschuk, M.V. (2007) A comparative analysis of the Baltic and Rovno amber arthropod faunas: representative samples. African Invertebrates, 48, 229-245.
  • Petrulevicius, J.F., Azar, D. & Nel, A. (2010) A new thorny lacewing (Insecta: Neuroptera: Rhachiberothidae) from the Early Cretaceous amber of Lebanon. Acta Geologica China, 84, 828-833.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6724.2010.00242.x
  • Riek, E.F. (1970) Neuroptera (Lacewings). In: Naumann, I.D. (Ed.), The insects of Australia. Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, pp. 472-494.
  • Ren, D. & Guo, Z. (1996) On the new fossil genera and species of Neuroptera (Insecta) from the Late Jurassic of northeast China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 21, 461-479.
  • Ross, A. (1998) Amber: the natural time capsule. The Natural History Museum, London, 73 pp.
  • Rousset, A. (1966) Morphologie cephalique des larves de planipennes (Insectes Nevropteroides). Memoires du Museum Nationale d'Histoire Naturelle, (A), 42, 1-199.
  • Scheven, J. (2004) Bernstein-Einschlusse: Eine untergegangene Welt bezeugt die Schopfung. Erinnerungen an die Welt vor der Sintflut. Kuratorium Lebendige Vorwelt, Hofheim a.T., 160 pp.
  • Schluter, T. (1978) Zur Systematik und Palokologie harzkonservierter Arthropoda einer Taphozonose aus dem Cenomanium von NW-Frankreich. Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, A9, 1-150.
  • Shi, G.H., Grimaldi, D.A., Harlow, G.E., Wang, J., Wang, J., Yang, M.C., Lei, W.Y., Li Q.L. & Li, X.H. (2012) Age constraint on Burmese amber based on U-Pb dating of zircons. Cretaceous Research, 37, 155-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2012.03.014
  • Snodgrass, R.E. (1935) Principles of insect morphology. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 667 pp.
  • Snyder, T.E. (1920) Biology. In: Banks, N. & Snyder, T.E., A revision of the Nearctic termites, with notes on biology and geographic distribution. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, pp. 108, 87-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.5479/si.03629236.108.i
  • Stampanoni, M., Groso, A., Isenegger, G., Mikuljan, Q.C., Bertrand, A., Henein, S., Betemps, R., Frommherz, U., Bohler, P., Meister, D., Lange, M. & Abela, R. (2006) Trends in synchrotron-based tomographic imaging: The SLS experience. Proceedings of SPIE 6318: 6318M-1-6318M-14.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.679497
  • Su, N.-Y., Scheffrahn, R.H. & Cabrera, B. (2001) Native subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar), R. virginicus (Banks), R. hageni Banks. "Featured Creatures," University of Florida, Department of Entomology and Nematology. Website. EENY-212. Available from: http://creatures.ifas.ufl.edu/urban/termites/native_subterraneans.htm (Accessed 17 Sept. 2013)
  • Tauber, C.A. (1991) Order Neuroptera. In: Stehr, F.W. (Ed.), Immature Insects, Vol. 2. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, Iowa, pp. 126-143.
  • Tauber, C.A. & Tauber, M.J. (1968) Lomamyia latipennis (Neuroptera, Berothidae) life history and larval descriptions. Canadian Entomologist, 100, 623-629.
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent100623-6
  • Tauber, C.A., Tauber, M.J. & Albuquerque, C.S. (2003) Neuroptera (Lacewings, Antlions). In: Resh, V.H. & Carde, R.T. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of insects. Academic Press, London, pp. 785-798.
  • Tillyard, R.J. (1916) Studies in Australian Neuroptera. No. iv. The families Ithonidae, Hemerobiidae, Sisyridae, Berothidae, and the new family Trichomatidae; with a discussion of their characters and relationships, and descriptions of new and little-known genera and species. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 41, 269-332.
  • Tillyard, R.J. (1926) The Insects of Australia and New Zealand. Angus and Robertson, Sydney, Australia, xi + 560 pp.
  • Tjeder, B. (1959) Neuroptera-Planipennia. The Lace-wings of Southern Africa. 2. Family Berothidae. In: Hanstrom, B., Brinck, P. & Rudebec, G. (Eds.), South African Animal Life. Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950-1951, Vol. 6. Almqvist & Wiksell, Stockholm, pp. 256-314.
  • Toschi, C.A. (1964) Observations on Lomamyia latipennis, with a description of the first instar larva. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 40, 21-26.
  • Walker, F. (1853) Part II.- (Sialides - Nemopterides) In: List of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London, [iii] + pp. 193-476.
  • Wasmann, E. (1906) Beispiele rezenter Artenbildung bei Ameisengasten und Termitengasten. Biologisches Centralblatt, 26, 565-580.
  • Weitschat, W. & Wichard, W. (1998) Atlas der Pflanzen und Tiere im Baltischen Bernstein. Dr. Friedrich Pfeil Verlag, Munchen, 256 pp. [English edition: (2002) Atlas of plants and animals in Baltic amber]
  • Whalley, P.E.S. (1980) Neuroptera (Insecta) in amber from the Lower Cretaceous of Lebanon. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Geology), 33, 157-164.
  • Whalley, P.E.S. (1983) Fera venatrix gen. and sp. n. (Mantispidae) from amber in Britain. Neuroptera International, 2, 229- 233.
  • Wichard, W., Grohn, C. & Seredszus, F. (2009) Aquatic insects in Baltic amber. Wasserinsekten im Baltischen Bernstein. Ve r l a g Kessel, Remagen, 336 pp.
  • Winterton, S.L., Hardy, N.B. & Wiegmann, B.M. (2010) On wings of lace: phylogeny and Bayesian divergence time estimates of Neuropterida (Insecta) based on morphological and molecular data. Systematic Entomology, 35, 349-378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00521.x
  • Withycombe, C.L. (1925) Some aspects of the biology and morphology of the Neuroptera. With special reference to the immature stages and their possible phylogenetic significance. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 72 (for 1924), 303-411.