Published October 30, 2026 | Version CC-BY-NC-ND

Zeptosecond Birth Time Delay of a Photoelectron Determines Exceedingly Small Quantum Time Kshana or Moment

  • 1. Retired Professor, Department of Physics, C. B. College, Bhalki, Gulbarga University, and Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Bidar, VTU, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.

Description

Abstract: Kshana, or moment, is an exceedingly small, indivisible, and constant quantum of time defined by Maharishi Vyasa in his commentary on Patanjali Yogdrashan. The determined value of the number of kshana ‘n’ using the concept of birth time delay ‘Tb’ in the photoionisation process confirms the value of the number of kshana 'n' in a second, as determined by the author's previous values. Kshana is even smaller than the experimentally observed zeptosecond birth time delay of photoelectrons in photoionization. Kshana, or moment, is not merely a theoretical concept. It is an experimentally measurable time in the future, and it may be used as a unit of time measurement at the subatomic level in physical science that studies non-living systems, matter, energy, and the fundamental laws of nature.

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Additional details

Identifiers

DOI
10.54105/ijap.B1082.06021026
EISSN
2582-8983

Dates

Accepted
2026-10-15
Manuscript received on 05 September 2026 | First Revised Manuscript received on 14 September 2026 | Second Revised Manuscript received on 20 September 2026 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 October 2026 | Manuscript published on 30 October 2026

References

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