ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES ON ENERGY DEMAND IN HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Electric vehicle charging in high-rise residential buildings increases daily electricity consumption, but the magnitude of its impact on electrical infrastructure is primarily determined by the coincidence of charging. This study evaluates this impact in terms of the energy balance, maximum 15-minute active power, available power headroom, and the timely provision of the energy required for mobility. Drawing on official Azerbaijani statistics and international scientific literature, a reproducible computational model is developed for a hypothetical building with 120 apartments and 80 parking spaces. Immediate charging, simultaneous charging of all vehicles at 22:00, and managed charging aligned with the building load are compared. Under the baseline assumptions, supplying each of 64 vehicles with 8 kWh of electricity per day increases the building's daily consumption from 1475 kWh to 1987 kWh, or by 34.7%. Immediate charging increases the total peak load from 120 kW to 259.8 kW; coordinated control meets the same energy demand while maintaining the maximum at 120 kW. When high daily mileage and an increased building load are assumed together, the physical limitations of control also become apparent. The article proposes assessing power headroom jointly with energy provision, serving residents on the basis of energy provision by their departure time, and allocating a reserve according to forecast error. The results represent an analytical computational model based on explicit assumptions, rather than measurements conducted in an actual building in Baku.