Organisational Readiness for Artificial Intelligence Adoption in Somalia: An Information Systems Perspective

The purpose of this review is to understand what can be learnt from twenty provided papers, regarding organisational readiness for AI in Somalia. The papers included were qualitative, survey based, systematic reviews, meta-analysis and conceptual models. Findings have been grouped using the Technology Organisation Environment (TOE) framework. Socio-technical and Dynamic Capability theories have been used to demonstrate how factors interact. The literature shows that readiness is a multi-factorial construct. Factors included: (technology) data quality, compatibility, integration; (organisation) management support, funding, staff capabilities, culture, change management; and (environment) regulation, government support, vendor support and legitimacy. In addition there are different requirements for readiness when experimenting vs implementing AI. There was evidence of readiness in Somalia from two studies. One related to climate adaptation (Jarras et al., 2026) and the other related to public health emergency preparedness (Tahlil et al., 2026). Evidence from these studies show there is enthusiasm from stakeholders but limited technical capability and funding. Most models for readiness have not been validated as a measure. None of the studies measure readiness across organisations in Somalia. Gaps identified were context, measurement, explanation, environment and methodology. A framework was proposed to measure organisational readiness using the TOE framework. This framework has not been validated and needs to be tested empirically in Somalia.