Assessment of Glycaemic Control and Its Association with Renal Function Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major contributor to chronic kidney disease. Poor glycaemic control may be associated with deterioration in kidney function, although the relationship varies with diabetes duration, blood pressure, age, comorbidities, and treatment. Assessing glycaemic status alongside renal parameters may help identify patients who require closer clinical monitoring.

Aim: To assess glycaemic control and examine its association with renal function among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study may be conducted among eligible adults with established type 2 diabetes mellitus. Relevant demographic and clinical information should be collected using a structured proforma. Glycaemic control should be assessed using glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Renal assessment should include serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), where available. Associations between HbA1c and renal parameters should be analysed using appropriate statistical tests, with adjustment for relevant confounding variables where feasible. Ethical approval and informed consent should be obtained before recruitment.

Results: This section must be completed using the actual study findings. It should report the number of participants, HbA1c distribution, renal function measurements, prevalence of abnormal renal markers, and the strength and statistical significance of observed associations. No numerical results should be inserted until the data have been analysed.

Conclusion: The study may help clarify the relationship between glycaemic control and renal function in the local clinical population. The conclusions should be based on the observed findings and should not imply causation from a cross-sectional design.