SEMANTIC AND PRAGMATIC TRANSFORMATION OF METAPHORICAL UNITS IN THE TRANSLATION OF RUSSIAN LITERARY PROSE INTO UZBEK

This article examines the specific features of the semantic and pragmatic transformation of metaphorical units in the translation of Russian literary prose into Uzbek. Metaphor is analysed as a multilevel linguistic unit comprising denotative-semantic, figurative, emotional-evaluative, and pragmatic components. Particular attention is paid to the changes that occur when metaphorical images are transferred in the context of interlingual and intercultural interaction. Drawing on translations of works by Russian writers, the study identifies the principal types of transformation: specification, generalisation, image substitution, explicitation, and functional compensation. The findings indicate that translation transformations may affect not only the content of a metaphor but also its expressiveness, evaluative force, and communicative effect. The article concludes that a comprehensive approach is required to assess the adequacy of metaphorical translation