FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARRHYTHMIAS AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY IN PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

Arrhythmias are among the important complications that may occur during the postoperative period in children who undergo cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease. The development of postoperative arrhythmias may be associated with the type and duration of surgery, surgical manipulation of cardiac structures, preoperative hemodynamic status, patient age, electrolyte disturbances, inflammatory responses, and postoperative hemodynamic changes. In some cases, arrhythmias may adversely affect cardiac hemodynamic stability, prolong intensive care, and require additional therapeutic interventions. This article analyzes the major factors associated with the development of arrhythmias after cardiac surgery in children with congenital heart disease, including their pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical significance, and principles of early detection and monitoring. Comprehensive assessment of postoperative risk factors is important for timely identification of arrhythmias, reduction of complications, and effective follow-up of pediatric patients.