Data and code for "Calibration guidelines and a runoff-isotope module for lake proxy system modeling (PRYSM v2.0)"

Data and code for "Calibration guidelines and a runoff-isotope module for lake proxy system modeling (PRYSM v2.0)"

Code and data for analysis and figures found in Topness et al. (in prep). The software to generate the model outputs in this repository can be downloaded from the GitHub repository, along with a detailed user tutorial that contains step-by-step instructions on running the model using the parallel processing framework.

Changes from v1.0.0: Edits to the notebooks.zip and figures.zip files to ensure text within figures matches proper terminology when referring to isotope values in water.

📁 data.zip

• Field observations in the observations folder for Bear Lake and Red Pond are subsets of the datasets archived on Hydroshare (Topness et al., 2026a, 2026b) and were post-processed using code in that resource. Additonal observational datasets in this folder and used in this work were downloaded from other sources (USGS, NYS DEC, and NOAA NCEI) and their references listed below.
•  era5-reanalysis-raw includes the raw reanalysis datasets (Hersbach et al., 2020; Hersbach et al., 2023) used to force the models after being formatted using code in notebooks.zip.
•  Remaining folders hold model inputs and outputs (NetCDF files), which were generated using the tools in GitHub (https://github.com/rgtopness/lake-psm-calibration/) and archived on Zenodo (Topness et al., 2026c) for lake PSM calibration.

📁 notebooks.zip

• Commented Jupyter notebooks that can be used to calibrate the models, re-run the experiments, and visualize results.
• To run the notebooks, extract the data.zip directory into the notebooks directory. Python must also be installed on your laptop.

📁 figures.zip

• .PNG files for all figures included in Topness et al. (in prep) manuscript and supplementary information.
• Note: Figure 1 was created using western New York LiDAR (https://data.gis.ny.gov/), bathymetry datasets and code archived on Hydroshare (Topness et al., 2026a, 2026b), and ArcGIS software.

References

Bigham Stephens, D. L., Carlson, R. E., Horsburgh, C. A., Hoyer, M. V., Bachmann, R. W., and Canfield, D. E.: Regional distribution of Secchi disk transparency in waters of the United States, Lake and Reservoir Management, 31, 55–63, https://doi.org/10.1080/10402381.2014.1001539, 2015.

Corcoran, M. C., Thomas, E. K., and Boutt, D. F.: Event-Based Precipitation Isotopes in the Laurentian Great Lakes Region Reveal Spatiotemporal Patterns in Moisture Recycling, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 124, 5463–5478, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD029545, 2019.

Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Hirahara, S., Horányi, A., Muñoz‐Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Abdalla, S., Abellan, X., Balsamo, G., Bechtold, P., Biavati, G., Bidlot, J., Bonavita, M., De Chiara, G., Dahlgren, P., Dee, D., Diamantakis, M., Dragani, R., Flemming, J., Forbes, R., Fuentes, M., Geer, A., Haimberger, L., Healy, S., Hogan, R. J., Hólm, E., Janisková, M., Keeley, S., Laloyaux, P., Lopez, P., Lupu, C., Radnoti, G., De Rosnay, P., Rozum, I., Vamborg, F., Villaume, S., and Thépaut, J.: The ERA5 global reanalysis, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 146, 1999–2049, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3803, 2020. 

Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N.: ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to present, Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), [data set], https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.adbb2d47, 2023.

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Water: Division of Water Monitoring Portal (Version 1.27.2025) [data set], https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/301748017d7d40649bc5082fc1c5365e/#data_s=id%3AdataSource_1-1949977d66f-layer-14%3A1791, last access: 12 April 2025.

NOAA National Centers of Environmental Information: Global Surface Summary of the Day - GSOD. 1.0 [data set], https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/search/data-search/global-summary-of-the-day?pageNum=1&pageSize=100&bbox=42.734,-79.935,41.871,-78.411, last access: 14 March 2026, 1999.

Topness, R. and Thomas, E. K.: Physical and biogeochemical observations from Bear Lake, New York, USA: 2024-2026, HydroShare [data set], http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/672bb9941600460382dff2ca87319480, 2026a. 

Topness, R. and Thomas, E. K.: Physical and biogeochemical observations from Red Pond, New York, USA: 2021-2025, HydroShare [data set], http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/825c12377f0c4bad81af98b5947d87aa, 2026b. 

Topness, R., Thomas, E., Fendrock, M., and Otiniano, G.: Lake proxy system model calibration framework (PRYSM v2.0) (v1.0.1), Zenodo [code], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20090051, 2026c.

Topness, R. G., Thomas E. K., Fendrock, M., and Otiniano, G. A.: Calibration guidelines and a runoff-isotope module for lake proxy system modeling (PRYSM v2.0), Geoscientific Model Development, in prep.