EFFECT OF PYROLYSIS TEMPERATURE, HEATING RATE, VAPOR RESIDENCE TIME, AND REACTOR TYPE ON THE YIELD AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF WASTE TIRE PYROLYSIS PRODUCTS

This review evaluates the effects of four key parameters-pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, vapor residence time, and reactor type-on waste-tire pyrolysis. At 500 °C, an oil yield of 43.6 wt.% was reported, while increasing the temperature to 750 °C reduced oil yield to 26.6 wt.% and increased gas yield to 33.5 wt.%. Increasing the heating rate from 5 to 25 °C min^-1 decreased oil yield from 54.8 to 43.0 wt.%, whereas gas yield increased from 7.24 to 18.04 wt.%. These results demonstrate that operating conditions strongly control product distribution and physicochemical properties. The optimal conditions therefore depend on the targeted recovery of oil, gas, or carbonaceous products.