Gravitational Dissipative Structures and Effective Gravitational Entropy: A Holographic Dissolution Framework for Dark Matter and Dark Energy

Abstract

We propose a unified framework based on gravitational dissipative structures and the holographic principle, interpreting dark matter and dark energy as effective projections of gravitational degrees of freedom during coarse-graining. A dimensionless effective gravitational entropy order parameter and a dissipative-structure order parameter are introduced. Through holographic duality, the gravitational entropy gradient is related to boundary entanglement entropy. Key results:

(1) Holographic duality as the sole holographic postulate. The gravitational theory in the bulk spacetime is equivalent to a quantum field theory on its boundary. UV completeness and the statement that “the gravitational sector requires no higher-derivative terms” are not independent postulates, but corollaries derived from holographic duality.

(2) Dark matter dissolution. Using the Granda–Oliveros (Ricci) cutoff holographic dark matter model, an energy density scaling as naturally arises in a universe containing only baryons and radiation. Choosing the cutoff parameter – matches the observed dark-matter-to-baryon density ratio –. Through a coarse-graining mapping and the Poisson equation, an effective gravitational potential correction is derived from local Ricci curvature fluctuations. A k-essence Lagrangian is constructed, showing that the physical sound speed during matter domination, consistent with cold dark matter clustering.

(3) Dark energy dissolution. The dark energy density is generalized to a three-component structure consisting of a holographic component and an early dark energy (EDE) component:

Joint fitting with Planck, ACT DR6, SPT-3G D1, DESI DR2, Pantheon-plus, and SH0ES data gives , , reducing the residual Hubble tension to approximately .

(4) Infrared emergent scaling. The Lifshitz scaling emerges from the dual geometry of the boundary CFT infrared state in SYM theory with heavy quark density. The low-energy gravitational wave speed is automatically the speed of light, consistent with the GW170817 constraint.

(5) Unified dissolution equation:

Core values: –, , , , , , (infrared emergent).