Design and Implementation of a High-Quality Automated Greenhouse System

It is difficult for regular greenhouses to maintain stable temperature, humidity, and airflow, which affects the growth of plants inside them and increases energy consumption. The purpose of this study was to evaluate three different configurations of ventilation in the greenhouse system by simulating and testing them using CFD under the climate conditions of Baghdad. The temperature, humidity, and airflow velocity data were analyzed using ANSYS Fluent. An automated greenhouse control powered with solar cells was built for real-world evaluation to compare these configurations. The best performance (temperature 26.07-27.19°C, relative humidity 60.85-81.25%, and airflow velocity 0.396m/s) was exhibited by the configuration with an upper fan and upper ventilation openings. Due to reduced temperature variation from ±4.5 to ±0.6°C, the climate stabilization improved by approximately 15–20%. In addition, the optimized greenhouse system produced 27.1% less energy consumption; therefore, it could serve as an environmentally and energy-efficient growing facility.