Global terrestrial ecosystem local climate regulation services at 1-km resolution under multiple climatic-demand scenarios

This dataset provides annual global 1-km maps of terrestrial ecosystem local climate regulation (LCR) services from 2001 to 2024. LCR is quantified as the electricity-equivalent intensity of evapotranspiration-related cooling and humidification under specified climatic-demand conditions.

Each annual GeoTIFF contains seven bands:

1. LCR_T24_RH40: Total LCR under a temperature threshold of 24 °C and a relative-humidity threshold of 40%.

2. LCR_T26_RH40: Total LCR under the baseline thresholds of 26 °C and 40% relative humidity.

3. LCR_T28_RH40: Total LCR under thresholds of 28 °C and 40% relative humidity.

4. LCR_T26_RH30: Total LCR under thresholds of 26 °C and 30% relative humidity.

5. LCR_T26_RH50: Total LCR under thresholds of 26 °C and 50% relative humidity.

6. LCR_cool_T26_r4: Cooling component under a temperature threshold of 26 °C and a cooling-efficiency coefficient of r = 4.

7. LCR_humid_RH40_y120: Humidification component under a relative-humidity threshold of 40% and a humidification electricity-use coefficient of y = 120 kWh m⁻³.

The five total-LCR bands use the reference conversion coefficients r = 4 and y = 120 kWh m⁻³. T26–RH40 is the baseline scenario used in the associated manuscript, whereas the other four scenarios support sensitivity analysis of the climatic-demand thresholds.

All bands represent annual service intensity in kWh m⁻² yr⁻¹. Values are stored using a scale factor of 0.01. Users should multiply the stored raster values by 0.01 to obtain physical values. The data are distributed as GeoTIFF files in a geographic coordinate system at approximately 1-km spatial resolution.

The dataset integrates partitioned evapotranspiration, accumulated hourly cooling and humidification demand, and land-cover-based ecosystem pathways. It is intended to support ecosystem-service assessment, natural-capital accounting, adaptation to heat and dryness, and land-management applications.

Regional electricity prices and other monetary valuation parameters are not included in this release. The beneficiary-constrained monetary valuation framework and its coefficients are documented in the associated manuscript.