Unified prediction equation for equilibrium scour depth around vibrating monopile foundations

This study investigates local scour around vibrating monopile foundations and develops a unified equation for predicting equilibrium scour depth based on experimental data. To address inconsistencies among existing empirical equations caused by variations in vibration amplitude measurements, a standardized protocol is proposed for determining bed-level vibration displacement in flume experiments. The approach identifies the optimal parameter for representing vibration intensity and its influence on surrounding bed deformation.

A unified prediction equation incorporating vibration intensity, flow intensity, and the KC number is established through mathematical analysis and experimental regression. Validation against published datasets demonstrates robust applicability and accuracy for predicting equilibrium scour depth around vibrating monopiles under both current and combined current-wave conditions. The study provides methodological recommendations for future experimental investigations and a reference framework for engineering applications using field data.