STREAMLINED LIFE CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND HOTSPOT ANALYSIS OF A HEAVY EQUIPMENT SERVICE FACILITY IN INDONESIA: A GATE-TO-GATE PYTHON-BASED APPROACH
Authors/Creators
-
1.
Diponegoro University
Description
This study develops and applies a streamlined Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) approach to evaluate the operational environmental performance of a heavy equipment service facility under a gate-to-gate system boundary. The case study uses 2025 operational data from PT United Tractors Tbk, Semarang Branch, including electricity, fuel, water, and non-hazardous waste consumption, and processes the inventory through a transparent, fully auditable Python-based implementation rather than through commercial LCA software. The results show that the Climate Change (GWP100) score reaches 176,203.80 kg CO2-eq per year under market-based Scope 2 accounting, with grid electricity from the Java-Madura-Bali (JAMALI) interconnection contributing 60.92% of the total impact, well above the gasoline- and diesel-type fuel flows that follow it. At the process level, Workshop and Service and Delivery and Mobilization emerge as the dominant hotspots, jointly contributing 59.05% to the annual climate footprint, while a supplementary hazardous-waste inventory further identifies 4.913 tonnes per year of regulated waste, of which 99.0% is verifiably managed through a licensed third party. The findings indicate that a streamlined, code-based LCIA can deliver sufficiently robust and decision-relevant environmental information for internal management purposes in organizations that face limited access to commercial LCA software and characterization databases. The study contributes a replicable, methodologically transparent, and low-cost assessment framework for service-oriented industrial operations in emerging economies and offers a template that other branch-scale or small-and-medium enterprise operations can adapt with modest technical resources.
Files
7969+Morfai_Josua+Aditya+Manue.pdf
Files
(703.5 kB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:7ed4e0036175433360de61e38e8b3f3f
|
703.5 kB | Preview Download |
Additional details
References
- Barthel, M., Fava, J., James, K., Hardwick, A., & Khan, S. (2017). Hotspots Analysis: An overarching methodological framework and guidance for product and sector level application. United Nations Environment Programme: Paris, France. Castellani, V., Sala, S., & Benini, L. (2017). Hotspots analysis and critical interpretation of food life cycle assessment studies for selecting eco-innovation options and for policy support. Journal of Cleaner Production, 140, 556–568. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.05.078 Change, I. (2006). 2006 IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories. Institute for Global Environmental Strategies: Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan. Gkousis, S., & Katsou, E. (2025). lcpy: an open-source python package for parametric and dynamic Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Costing. ArXiv Preprint ArXiv:2506.13744. Huijbregts, M. A. J., Steinmann, Z. J. N., Elshout, P. M. F., Stam, G., Verones, F., Vieira, M., Zijp, M., Hollander, A., & Van Zelm, R. (2017). ReCiPe2016: a harmonised life cycle impact assessment method at midpoint and endpoint level. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 22(2), 138–147. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1007/s11367-016-1246-y Mutel, C. (2017). Brightway: an open source framework for life cycle assessment. Journal of Open Source Software, 2(12), 236. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.21105/joss.00236 Pelton, R. E. O., & Smith, T. M. (2015). Hotspot scenario analysis: comparative streamlined LCA approaches for green supply chain and procurement decision making. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 19(3), 427–440. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12191 Protocol, G. H. G. (2015). GHG protocol scope 2 guidance. An Amendment to the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard. Standard, I. (2006). Environmental management-Life cycle assessment-Requirements and guidelines. London: ISO. Standardization, I. O. for. (2006). Environmental management: Life cycle assessment; principles and framework. ISO. Todd, J. A., Curran, M. A., Weitz, K., Sharma, A., Vigon, B., Price, E., Norris, G., Eagan, P., Owens, W., & Veroutis, A. (1999). Streamlined life-cycle assessment: a final report from the SETAC North America streamlined LCA workgroup. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) and SETAC Foundation for Environmental Education, 1999.