Artificial Intelligence–Supported Instruction Using Gibb's Model: A Pedagogical Model for Improving Learning of Thermodynamics

Chapter Highlights

1.  The chapter discusses how AI-Supported Instruction integrated with Gibbs’ Reflective Model can improve Thermodynamics learning in secondary school Chemistry.
2. It explains challenges including abstract concepts, cognitive demands, misconceptions, limited visualization, and low student interest.
3. It highlights AI tools such as intelligent tutoring systems, adaptive platforms, simulations, virtual laboratories, and automated feedback.
4. It explains how Gibbs’ six stages promote reflection, metacognition, conceptual understanding, and continuous improvement.
5. It emphasizes learner-centered, personalized, and reflective AI-supported instruction.
6. The chapter concludes that integrating AI-Supported Instruction with Gibbs’ Reflective Model provides a structured approach for improving students’ understanding, engagement, and learning outcomes in Thermodynamics.
7. It recommends, among others, that schools should strengthen ICT infrastructure, train Chemistry teachers in AI-supported pedagogy, integrate AI and reflective activities into the curriculum and promote responsible AI use.