Wind farm control for inertial and primary frequency support

This study investigates how wind farm control (WFC) can enhance the fast frequency support capability of grid-connected wind power plants (WPPs). The analysis first examines wake steering for power maximization, showing that de-waking downstream turbines increases the inertia provision capability of the plant. Building on this insight, dedicated WFC strategies are developed to maximize WPP synthetic inertia under curtailment. Turbine curtailment strategies are evaluated from a WFC perspective while accounting for converter, drivetrain, aerodynamic, and control constraints. The impact of WFC is quantified relative to conventional greedy turbine operation for representative wind farm layouts, and system-level effects are assessed using a dynamic grid model with varying shares of synchronous and non-synchronous generation. Results indicate that wake-steering WFC can increase plant-level synthetic inertia by up to 30% under high-wake conditions and significantly improve grid frequency
response following a disturbance.