Gender and Agricultural Employment in Rural India: A Secondary Data Analysis (2015–2025)

Agriculture remains a major source of livelihood in rural India, with women playing a crucial role in farming, livestock management, and household food security. This study examines gender and agricultural employment in rural India using secondary data from 2015–2025 obtained from PLFS, NSS, government reports, FAO, ILO, World Bank publications, and relevant literature.

The findings indicate an increase in female participation in agricultural activities, reflecting the growing feminization of agriculture. However, women continue to face challenges related to wage disparities, limited land ownership, inadequate access to credit and technology, and restricted participation in agricultural decision-making. A significant proportion of women remain engaged as self-employed or unpaid family workers.

The study concludes that greater participation in agriculture does not necessarily translate into gender equality. Strengthening women’s access to productive resources, financial services, skills, and institutional support is essential for achieving inclusive agricultural and rural development in India.