ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND LITERARY TRANSLATION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HUMAN AND AI GENERATED ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF KAFKA'S THE METAMORPHOSIS

This study compares a human translation and an AI‑generated translation of 40 passages from Kafka's The Metamorphosis across meaning preservation, stylistic fidelity, and simplification. Both convey core meaning effectively, but the human translation consistently preserves ambiguity and stylistic nuance better than AI, which tends to render ambiguous expressions explicit. Results suggest AI is useful for drafting, but human revision remains essential when literary style and interpretive openness are prioritized.