Entrepreneurship Capacity Building through Home-Industry Training for Indonesian Women Migrant Workers in Malaysia

Indonesian women migrant workers in Malaysia frequently encounter difficulties in achieving sustainable economic reintegration after returning home due to limited entrepreneurial knowledge and business management competencies. This community service program aimed to strengthen participants’ entrepreneurial capacity through home-industry training emphasizing practical business administration skills and entrepreneurship education. The program involved 34 Indonesian women migrant workers and employed a participatory, practice-oriented learning approach consisting of interactive lectures, group discussions, business planning exercises, mentoring, and home-industry simulations. Training materials covered entrepreneurial mindset development, business opportunity identification, financial record-keeping, inventory management, cost calculation, pricing strategies, and customer-oriented business practices. The results demonstrated significant improvements in participants’ entrepreneurial knowledge, business administration competencies, and confidence in establishing sustainable home-based enterprises after returning to Indonesia.

Participants developed greater awareness of entrepreneurship as a viable alternative to continued overseas employment and identified various feasible business opportunities, including culinary enterprises, handicrafts, tailoring, beauty services, and digital commerce. The collaborative learning environment also strengthened entrepreneurial self-efficacy, opportunity recognition, and long-term business planning while encouraging peer learning and knowledge exchange. Overall, the program contributed to enhancing household economic resilience and promoting women's economic empowerment by equipping participants with practical managerial competencies necessary for sustainable self-employment. The findings highlight the importance of integrating entrepreneurship education, practical business administration, mentoring, and community-based empowerment to facilitate successful post-migration economic reintegration among Indonesian women migrant workers.