Vertical Load Lifting System Desing for Ergonomic Safety in Civil Construction

As is well known, the handling of heavy loads is a constant in the construction industry and is one of the main risk factors for workers in this sector. This article presents the design of an industrial winch-type vertical load-lifting system to mitigate ergonomic risks in civil construction, using applied and experimental research with a quantitative approach through the DICREA methodology (Develop, Integrate, Construct, Reorganize, Elaborate, and Adapt). Furthermore, using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in SolidWorks © software, a von Mises stress of 130 MPa was obtained; these results were compared with the data from the structural analysis report, which showed a maximum stress of 127.3 MPa. Furthermore, the scale prototype produced via 3D printing demonstrates the proper mechanical operation of the vertical load-lifting system, which was validated through a controlled load test. Finally, the results obtained demonstrate the design’s feasibility from both a technical and operational standpoint; however, the calculated safety factors are higher than expected, so the use of different materials for each component is recommended. Despite this change, the design can perform its function and withstanding the maximum load specified. This design merges mechanical engineering with ergonomics and safety principles, system significantly aids construction workers, reducing health and safety risks by preventing potential accidents and injuries.