Hybrid Power Generation Using Solar, Wind, and Piezoelectric Energy Sources for Sustainable and Reliable Electricity Generation

The growing demand for clean and sustainable energy has accelerated the development of hybrid renewable energy systems capable of utilizing multiple energy sources for reliable electricity generation. This paper presents a hybrid power generation system that integrates solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, and piezoelectric energy sources to achieve continuous and sustainable electrical power generation. The proposed system combines the complementary characteristics of these renewable resources, where solar energy provides power during daylight hours, wind energy contributes under favorable atmospheric conditions, and piezoelectric elements harvest energy from mechanical vibrations or human footsteps. The generated electrical energy from each source is conditioned through appropriate power electronic circuits and stored in a rechargeable battery to ensure uninterrupted power availability. An inverter is employed to convert the stored DC power into AC power suitable for domestic and low-power electrical applications. The proposed hybrid configuration enhances energy utilization, minimizes dependence on conventional fossil-fuel-based electricity, and improves system reliability under varying environmental conditions. Furthermore, the integrated approach reduces power fluctuations associated with individual renewable sources while providing an environmentally friendly and cost-effective solution for off-grid and rural electrification applications. The developed system demonstrates the feasibility of combining multiple renewable energy technologies into a single platform for sustainable electricity generation and offers a practical alternative for future decentralized energy systems.