Published July 1, 2026 | Version v1
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Scaling Climate-Smart Agriculture for Resilient Farming

Authors/Creators

  • 1. Department of Agronomy and Agrometeorology, Rani Lakshmibai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India-284003

Description

Climate change poses a major threat to global agriculture and food security due to rising temperatures, erratic rainfall, droughts, floods and increased pest pressure, particularly affecting the farming systems of smallholder farmers. The global population is projected to reach 9.7 billion by 2050. Sustainable methods are needed to increase food production while conserving natural resources. Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) integrates three objectives: increasing agricultural productivity, enhancing resilience and adaptability to climate change, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This review examines the key factors influencing the adoption of CSA, including household characteristics, farm size, land ownership, and access to extension services, credit, markets and farmer organizations. It also compiles evidence regarding the impact of CSA on crop yields, farm income, climate resilience and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, the review emphasizes policy strategies for scaling up CSA through improved extension systems, climate finance, digital advisory services, and context-specific institutional support for sustainable agricultural development.

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