Impact of Hearing Loss on Quality of Life among the Elderly: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study Using the HHIE-S Questionnaire

ABSTRACT

Background:Presbycusis, or age-related hearing loss, is one of the most common sensory impairments among older adults and is associated with impaired communication, social isolation, depression, and reduced quality of life (QoL). Early identification of hearing handicap is essential for timely intervention and rehabilitation to improve functional independence and overall well-being. Objectives:The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of hearing loss on quality of life among elderly individuals using the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly Screening (HHIE-S) questionnaire. The secondary objective was todetermine the proportion of elderly individuals experiencing a perceived hearing handicap. Materials and Methods:A hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted over a period of six months among 100 elderly individuals aged 60 years and above attending the ENT and Geriatric Outpatient Departments. Participants with severe cognitive impairment, recent ear surgery, or current hearing aid use were excluded. Data were collected using the validated Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly Screening (HHIE-S) questionnaire. HHIE-S scores were categorized as no handicap (0–8), mild-to-moderate handicap (10–24), and significant handicap (26–40). Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with a p-value of <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results:Among the 100 participants, 42% had no perceived hearing handicap, 34% had mild-to-moderate hearing handicap, and 24% had significant hearing handicap. The severity of hearing handicap increased with advancing age, with participants aged over 80 years demonstrating the highest mean HHIE-S scores. Hearing loss was associated with reduced social interaction, emotional distress, and diminished quality of life, indicating a substantial psychosocial impact among the elderly population. Conclusion:Hearing loss has a significant negative impact on the quality of life of elderly individuals, particularly affecting their social and emotional well-being. The HHIE-S questionnaire is an effective screening tool for identifying perceived hearing handicap in older adults. Routine screening, early audiological evaluation, and timely rehabilitation strategies are recommended to improve quality of life and promote healthy aging.Keywords:Presbycusis, Hearing loss, Qualityof life, Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly–Screening (HHIE-S), Elderly, Hearing handicap, Audiology, Geriatrics.