Published December 25, 2025 | Version v1
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Taqrib Diagnostic–Decision Model (TDDM): A Multi-Dimensional Framework for Classifying and Measuring Islamic Intra-Faith Rapprochement

Authors/Creators

  • 1. University of Religions and Denominations

Description

The Taqrib Diagnostic–Decision Model (TDDM) is proposed as a multi-dimensional, design–science framework to overcome the descriptive and fragmented character of current studies on Islamic intra-faith rapprochement (taqrib). Drawing on an extensive typology of 25 families and more than 200 modalities of taqrib across social, institutional, legal–fiqh, doctrinal–kalamic, epistemic, historical, civilizational, educational, digital, media–discursive, and interfaith domains, the model pursues three main objectives: (1) to classify diverse rapprochement practices through a shared codebook; (2) to diagnose real-world tensions across multiple levels of analysis (micro, meso, macro, civilizational) and architectural layers (foundational, strategic, operational, civilizational); and (3) to guide the selection and evaluation of context-appropriate taqrib interventions. Methodologically, the article employs a design–science approach that integrates framework-building, typology construction, diagnostic matrices, and decision trees into a coherent research-ready artefact. The model specifies core axes (type of taqrib, level of analysis, architectural layer, temporal horizon, and mode of intervention) and links them to a diagnostic matrix and decision tree that translate problem profiles into recommended families and modalities of rapprochement. A measurement logic is introduced through input, process, output, and outcome indicators, compatible with qualitative, quantitative, and AI-assisted analytics (including textual corpora, network analysis, and platform data). The article concludes that TDDM provides a transferable, data-friendly platform for scholars and policy-makers to design, compare, and evaluate taqrib strategies, and for institutions to embed rapprochement governance into policies, programmes, and digital infrastructures. Concrete implications are outlined for research design, institutional assessment, and the governance and regulation of sectarian diversity.

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Additional titles

Alternative title (Persian)
مدل تشخیصی ـ تصمیمی تقریب (TDDM): چارچوبی چندبُعدی برای طبقه‌بندی و سنجش تقریب مذاهب اسلامی

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URL
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/398422702_Taqrib_Diagnostic-Decision_Model_TDDM_A_Multi-Dimensional_Framework_for_Classifying_and_Measuring_Islamic_Intra-Faith_Rapprochement?channel=doi&linkId=693583f8a1fd01798905f687&showFulltext=true

Related works

Is supplemented by
Other: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5981955 (URL)
Other: 10.5281/zenodo.21586172 (DOI)

References

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