Effect of Azadirachtin on Mango Hopper in Mango (Mangifera indica)

Abstract

Mango (Mangifera indica) is one of the most important fruit crops, but its productivity is often affected by insect pests, particularly mango hoppers (Amritodus atkinsoni), which are highly active during the flowering stage. These pests feed on plant sap, leading to flower drop, reduced fruit set, and ultimately lower yield. Farmers commonly rely on chemical insecticides for quick control; however, their excessive use raises concerns related to environmental safety, pest resistance, and export quality.The present study evaluates the effectiveness of Azadirachtin, a neem-based biopesticide derived from (Azadirachta indica), in managing mango hopper populations. Different concentrations of Azadirachtin were assessed and compared with other management approaches, including biological control agents and conventional chemical practices, under field conditions. Observations were recorded at regular intervals to determine changes in hopper population and crop response.The findings indicated that chemical insecticides showed the highest immediate reduction in hopper population. However, Azadirachtin also demonstrated a significant decrease in pest numbers compared to untreated plants, especially at higher concentrations. Although its action was relatively slower, it effectively reduced feeding activity and interfered with the growth and development of the insects. In addition, Azadirachtin contributed to maintaining crop health and yield while minimizing harmful environmental effects.In conclusion, Azadirachtin can be considered a reliable and eco-friendly alternative for the management of mango hopper. While it may not completely replace chemical pesticides, it plays an important role in integrated pest management and supports sustainable mango cultivation practices.