El origen del patriarcado
Description
Disponible también en ResearchGate.
Abstract (English)
Also available at ResearchGate.
One of the main claims of feminism is the existence of patriarchy as a social system that has historically sustained a culture centered on male dominance. Some strands of contemporary feminism characterize men as "potential aggressors," reflecting a degree of polarization that tends to judge individuals according to their sex rather than their actions, thereby promoting confrontation rather than analysis and constructive solutions. Although this does not apply to feminism as a whole, certain hegemonic currents appear to reproduce strategies of exclusion and antagonism similar to those they attribute to patriarchy, turning it into their "natural enemy."
There is no doubt that, for centuries, most positions of power have been occupied by men. They have generally enjoyed privileged access to education and higher social status within societies whose political and economic structures were largely controlled by members of their own sex. This historical reality is undeniable. The question, however, is whether it represents an inevitable consequence of biological differences or whether it is better understood as the outcome of historical, economic, and environmental dynamics that favored particular male profiles over others.
This study adopts the concept of patriarchy as a social system in which power and authority are predominantly held by men, structuring gender relations through hierarchical forms of organization that privilege male dominance. While some theoretical perspectives interpret patriarchy as a natural consequence of biological sexual differences, others understand it as a historical construction imposed through institutions such as religion, law, and the economy. Authors such as Gerda Lerner have argued that patriarchy became consolidated with the emergence of the state and the codification of laws restricting women's participation in positions of power.
This work proposes an alternative materialist interpretation grounded in historical evidence and the influence of environmental conditions on human social organization. From this perspective, competition for resources and warfare created circumstances in which certain male profiles—and, by extension, men as a group—came to dominate political and economic institutions, while women were progressively relegated to secondary roles. Patriarchy is therefore understood not simply as the product of biological differences, but as the result of interactions between ecological constraints, resource competition, violence, and the evolution of social structures. Within this historical context, hierarchical systems emerged as functional responses to specific material conditions.
This study is intended for readers whose questions remain unsatisfied by conventional explanations. Its aim is to encourage critical inquiry into the origins of power structures beyond polarized narratives, arguing that understanding the past is essential for explaining the present and shaping the future—a task that women and men must undertake together.
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El origen del patriarcado (4.ª Ed.).pdf
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Additional details
Additional titles
- Translated title (English)
- The Origin of Patriarchy
Dates
- Created
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2025-10-05