The Psychological Effects of Cyberbullying: A Literature Review

Cyberbullying has become one of the most pressing social and psychological issues in the digital era. Unlike conventional bullying, cyberbullying takes place via electronic communication channels such as social media, messaging apps, online gaming, and emails. The pervasive nature of cyberbullying subjects victims to constant harassment, leading to significant emotional and mental health repercussions. This literature review assesses existing academic research on the psychological impacts of cyberbullying, particularly concerning depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, stress, social isolation, suicidal thoughts, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and academic achievement. It also pinpoints research gaps and offers suggestions for future studies.