"Quantitative Profiling of GSTP1 Promoter Methylation in Breast Cancer Patients: Evidence from Central India"
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Abstract: Background: The Glutathione S-transferase Pi 1 (GSTP1) gene encodes an important detoxification enzyme involved in cellular defense against oxidative stress and carcinogenic compounds. Epigenetic silencing of GSTP1 through promoter hypermethylation has been widely reported in cancers such as prostate and liver cancer; however, its significance and role in breast cancer remain controversial and are still under investigation.Objective: To evaluate the role of GSTP1 gene promoter methylation in breast cancer patients. Methods: Using a cross-sectional case-control design, we analyzed tissue samples from 60 histologically confirmed breast cancer patients and 60 healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted, bisulfite-converted, and analyzed using Methylation-Specific PCR (MSP) and Pyrosequencing technology. Results: The mean GSTP1 methylation level was 45.24% (SD ± 25.09) in cancer cases and 51.93% (SD ± 29.39) in controls. The difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.248). Conclusion: GSTP1 methylation levels did not significantly differ between cancerous and benign tissues in this study. The high variability and lack of specific hypermethylation in cases suggest that GSTP1 may not serve as a universal standalone biomarker for breast cancer in this specific population.
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