Психологічні особливості супроводу ветеранів і демобілізованих осіб

The paper theoretically analyzes the psychological features of support for veterans and demobilized persons in the context of their reintegration into civilian life. It elucidates the complexity of the military-to-civilian transition, which is associated with the transformation of identity, the loss or redefinition of military roles, changes in social status, and the need to reconstruct life prospects after combat experience. The limitations of fragmented and symptom-oriented assistance are characterized, as such approaches do not fully address the systemic psychological, social, professional, and existential challenges faced by veterans after demobilization. The significance of continuity, individualization, interdisciplinarity, respect for combat experience, and the prevention of pathological interpretations of veteran identity is highlighted. The main psychological components of support are summarized, including work with traumatic experience, restoration of emotional regulation, reconstruction of identity, strengthening of family and social ties, professional self-determination, and the development of a long-term life strategy. Particular attention is paid to the need to integrate military experience into a new system of self-perception without devaluation, romanticization, or forced separation from the past. An integrative model of psychological support for veterans is presented. It encompasses five interrelated stages: primary stabilization of the psychoemotional state, trauma-informed work with combat experience, reconstruction of identity, restoration of social inclusion and interpersonal relationships, and professional self-determination with the formation of a renewed life perspective. The prospects for further research are associated with empirical testing of the proposed model, the development of criteria for assessing its effectiveness, and the creation of interdisciplinary programs to support veterans and their families.