Published June 30, 2026 | Version CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0
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Benzimidazole Derivative Synthesis via Visible Light Photo-Redox: An Eco-Friendly Path to Bioactive Heterocyclic

Authors/Creators

  • 1. Research, Department of Chemistry, P.P.N. P.G. College, Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh), India.

Contributors

Contact person:

Researcher:

  • 1. Research, Department of Chemistry, P.P.N. P.G. College, Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh), India.
  • 2. Professor, Department of Chemistry, P.P.N. P.G. College, Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh), India.

Description

Abstract: Using visible-light-induced photo-redox catalysis, a sustainable and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of benzimidazole-based heterocyclic compounds has been established. Under green LED irradiation (λ = 535 nm, 18 W) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at room temperature, the procedure uses Eosin Y as an effective, metal-free photosensitizer. Eosin Y (1 mol%) and THF performed best, according to optimization experiments, yielding the target product 2-(furan-2-yl)-1H benzimidazole in an isolated yield of 82% after 70 minutes. The process involves photoexcitation of Eosin Y, generation of radicals, and subsequent formation of a benzimidazole derivative via a single-electron transfer (SET) pathway. IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and ESI-MS investigations verified the product structure. This green LED-mediated technology has several advantages over traditional thermal approaches, including great atom economy, energy efficiency, metal-free operation, and quicker reaction times.

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Additional details

Identifiers

DOI
10.35940/ijbsac.J0544.12100626
EISSN
2394-367X

Dates

Accepted
2026-06-15
Manuscript received on 29 May 2026 | First Revised Manuscript received on 08 June 2026 | Second Revised Manuscript received on 11 June 2026 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 June 2026 | Manuscript published on 30 June 2026

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